Energy efficiency Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) 8 Deep learning 4 3D object detection models 3 3d object detection model 3 Computer hardware 3 Convolution 3 Data handling 3 Design and implementations 3 Energy utilization 3 Field-programmable gate array 3 Hardware design 3 Hardware implementations 3 Integrated circuit design 3 Object detection 3 Point-clouds 3 Sparsity 3 Voting convolution 3 Voting schemes 3 deep learning 3 field-programmable gate array (FPGA) 3 sparsity 3 voting convolution 3 Back telemetry 2 Control unit 2 Controllers 2 Deep neural networks 2 Digital controllers 2 Digital power controller 2 FPGA 2