BG: business group 1 Business group affiliation 1 CSR communication 1 CSR: corporate social responsibility 1 EMF: emerging market firm 1 FDI: foreign direct investment 1 GDP: gross domestic product 1 LOE: liability of emergingness 1 LnAge: natural log of age 1 LnSales: natural log of total sales 1 MLR: multiple linear regression emerging markets 1 international diversification 1 market-seeking motive 1