numerical simulation Numerical models 11 Numerical simulation 6 Numerical methods 4 Shear stress 3 heat transfer 3 simulation 3 Additives 2 Article 2 CFD 2 Computational fluid dynamics 2 Dynamic pressures 2 Dynamics 2 Finite element method 2 Francis turbine 2 Impellers 2 Performance 2 Shear flow 2 bearing capacity 2 controlled study 2 draft tube 2 failure mode 2 human 2 laser Doppler velocimetry 2 mathematical model 2 reactive powder concrete (RPC) 2 tunnel 2 vortex rope 2 wind tunnel test 2 % reductions 1