Adsorption 1 Adsorption of polysulphide 1 Balancing acts 1 Carbon nanofibers 1 Catalyst activity 1 Catalytic conversion 1 Cathodes 1 Cerium oxide 1 Electric conductivity 1 Electrical conductivity 1 Higher energy density 1 Lithium batteries 1 Lithium compounds 1 Lithium sulfur batteries 1 Lithium/sulfur batteries 1 Li–S batteries 1 Low-costs 1 Ni-CeO2 heterostructure 1 Ni-CeO2 heterostructures 1 Nickel compounds 1 Polysulfides 1 Polysulphides 1 Shuttling effect 1 adsorption of polysulfide 1 catalytic conversion 1