Quantitative characterization 3 Battery management systems 1 Camera-based 1 Carbon nanotubes 1 Carbon neutralities 1 Characterisation 1 Characterization 1 Charging (batteries) 1 Different stages 1 Efficiency 1 Electrical (electronic) properties 1 Electronic industries 1 Exciton dynamics 1 Excitons 1 Four sections 1 Heterodyning 1 ITS applications 1 Industrial research 1 Internal state 1 Ions 1 Layer structure 1 Layer structures 1 Layered Structures 1 Light emission 1 Light emitting materials 1 Lithium-ion batteries 1 Lithium-ion battery 1 Lock-in 1 Locks (fasteners) 1 Nanoscale photonics 1