State estimation 15 Technology: general issues 14 state estimation 11 History of engineering and technology 8 History of engineering & technology 5 Kalman filters 4 Iterative methods 3 Odometry 3 Simultaneous localization and mapping 3 Tightly-coupled 3 Computer science 2 Degrees of freedom (mechanics) 2 Electric power transmission networks 2 Estimation 2 Front end 2 Global positioning system 2 IMU 2 LiDAR 2 Linear matrix inequalities 2 Machine learning 2 Monte Carlo methods 2 Nonlinear analysis 2 Nonlinear systems 2 Observers 2 Optical radar 2 Particle filter 2 Perceptually degraded scene 2 Performance 2 Phase measurement 2 Phasor measurement units 2