“... years of development, I assessed the patterns of above-ground space partitioning and stand dynamics...”
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“... hemlock forests illustrated that old-growth stands exhibit a higher degree of structural complexity...”
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“... population dynamics. Biotic disturbances are also an important natural disturbance in these forests...”
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“... forest managers are exploring methods of reestablishing natural cycles to restore historical stand...”
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“...The effects of four forest management options on habitat quality for six bird species were...”
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