Association reactions Computation theory Computational bottlenecks Computational tractability Epistasis, Genetic Genome-Wide Association Study Genome-wide association studies Genotype Humans Information theoretic measure Information theory Large dataset Large-scale datasets Multi-locus GWAS Multivariable interactions Permutation testing Permutation tests Phenotype Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide Significance analysis adult article cell proliferation epistasis gene interaction genome-wide association study genotype human information science phenotype