Binary alloys Biocompatibility Chemical detection Chronoamperometry Continuous glucose monitoring Controlled drug delivery Counter electrodes Cyclic voltammetry Data transfer Electrochemical electrodes Electrochemical sensors Electrochemicals Electrode arrays Energy dispersive X ray analysis Field emission microscopes Glucose Glucose sensors Gold alloys Microneedle electrode array Microneedles Miniaturisation Needles Non-enzymatic detection Platinum Platinum black Scanning electron microscopy Wireless data transmission X ray diffraction analysis chronoamperometry continuous glucose monitoring