Columbine High School massacre
![Harris (left) and Klebold (right) in the cafeteria, 8–11 minutes before their suicide in the library](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Columbine_Shooting_Security_Camera.jpg)
Harris and Klebold, who planned for at least a year and hoped to have a large number of victims, intended for the attack to primarily be a bombing and only secondarily a shooting. But when several homemade bombs they planted in the school failed to detonate, the pair launched a shooting attack. Their motive remains inconclusive. The police were slow to enter the school and were heavily criticized for not intervening during the shooting. The incident resulted in the introduction of the immediate action rapid deployment (IARD) tactic, which is used in active-shooter situations, and an increased emphasis on school security with zero-tolerance policies. Debates were sparked over American gun culture and gun control laws, high school cliques, subcultures (e.g. goths), outcasts, and school bullying, as well as teenage use of pharmaceutical antidepressants, the Internet, and violence in video games and movies.
Many makeshift memorials were created after the massacre, including ones employing victims Rachel Scott's car and John Tomlin's truck. Fifteen crosses for the victims and the shooters were erected on top of a hill in Clement Park. The crosses for Harris and Klebold were later removed following controversy. Planning for a permanent memorial began in June 1999, and the resulting Columbine Memorial opened to the public in September 2007.
The shooting has inspired dozens of copycat killings, dubbed the Columbine effect, including many deadlier shootings across the world. the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, the Kerch Polytechnic College massacre the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting and the Erfurt school massacre}}
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1by Qiang Wang, Peng Xu, Felipe Andreazza, Yahui Liu, Yoshiko Nomura, Phil Duran, Lan Jiang, Mengli Chen, Genki Takamatsu, Makoto Ihara, Kazuhiko Matsuda, Rufus Isaacs, Eugenio E Oliveira, Yuzhe Du, Ke DongGet full text
Published 2021-07-01
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