Consolidation Finite element method Stone column Design Equivalent permeability Equivalent stiffness Finite element Homogenization method Numerical analysis Stone columns Unit cell Arching effect Composite materials Coupled consolidations Degree of consolidations Design and analysis Element constitutive model Equivalent material properties Excess pore pressure Finite element programs Floating stone column Homogenization techniques Improvement factors Pressure distribution Settlement improvement factor Settlements Simplified homogenizations Small foundation Stiffness Stress concentration ratio