Use of the polymerase chain reaction for detection of Fusarium graminearum in bulgur wheat

• Main Authors: Carla Bertechini Faria, Giovana Caputo Almeida-Ferreira, Karina Bertechine Gagliardi, Tatiane Cristina Albuquerque Alves, Dauri José Tessmann, Miguel Machinski Junior, Ione Parra Barbosa-Tessmann
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos 2012-03-01
• Series: Food Science and Technology
• Subjects: trigo para quibe; Fusarium graminearum; PCR; detecção molecular; proteção de alimentos
• Online Access: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612012000100030&lng=en&tlng=en

The detection of mycotoxigenic fungi in foodstuff is important because their presence may indicate the possible associated mycotoxin contamination. Fusarium graminearum is a wheat pathogen and a producer of micotoxins. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been employed for the specific identification of F. graminearum. However, this methodology has not been commonly used for detection of F. graminearum in food. Thus, the objective of the present study was to develop a molecular methodology to detect F. graminearum in commercial samples of bulgur wheat. Two methods were tested. In the first method, a sample of this cereal was contaminated with F. graminearum mycelia. The genomic DNA was extracted from this mixture and used in a F. graminearum specific PCR reaction. The F. graminearum species was detected only in samples that were heavily contaminated. In the second method, samples of bulgur wheat were inoculated on a solid medium, and isolates having F. graminearum culture characteristics were obtained. The DNA extracted from these isolates was tested in F. graminearum specific PCR reactions. An isolate obtained had its trichothecene genotype identified by PCR. The established methodology could be used in surveys of food contamination with F. graminearum.