Immunological Responses to Envenomation

Venoms are complex mixtures of toxic compounds delivered by bite or sting. In humans, the consequences of envenomation range from self-limiting to lethal. Critical host defence against envenomation comprises innate and adaptive immune strategies targeted towards venom detection, neutralisation, deto...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Rachael Y. M. Ryan, Jamie Seymour, Alex Loukas, J. Alejandro Lopez, Maria P. Ikonomopoulou, John J. Miles
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.661082/full