Lipid droplets formation and their effects on phosphatidylinositol level in yeasts
Lipid droplets (LDs) are conserved specialized organelles that are surrounded by a single phospholipid layer, enclosing neutral lipids in form of triacylglycerol (TAG) and/or sterol ester. They are formed at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and stay connected to it in the yeast cell. These LDs main...
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doaj-0493b069209c446f9cd72c5a16a0da8b2021-04-24T12:29:35ZengAin Shams UniversityNovel Research in Microbiology Journal2537-02862537-02942020-08-014485686710.21608/nrmj.2020.107537Lipid droplets formation and their effects on phosphatidylinositol level in yeastsFabrice Mutijima0Mostafa Basiony1Morihisa Fujita2Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, ChinaKey Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, ChinaKey Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, ChinaLipid droplets (LDs) are conserved specialized organelles that are surrounded by a single phospholipid layer, enclosing neutral lipids in form of triacylglycerol (TAG) and/or sterol ester. They are formed at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and stay connected to it in the yeast cell. These LDs mainly play major roles in lipid storage and homeostasis. Moreover, they have several functions in the yeast cell including; protein degradation, protein glycosylation, response to ER stress, in addition to providing substrate for energy metabolism and for membrane synthesis. In general, TAG and phosphatidylinositol (PI) synthesis share the same precursor; phosphatidic acid (PA), which controls their level. By the actions of lipases, phosphatases and/or kinases; one can act as a precursor for another, thus explaining the reason of their inverse correlation. TAG lipolysis is catalyzed by TAG lipases producing fatty acids and diacylglycerol (DAG). The DAG produced from lipolysis is phosphorylated by diacylglycerol kinase (Dgk1) to form PA. On the other hand, PA is a cell signaling molecule and once increased, it upregulates cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG) pathway for the PI synthesis. Major TAG lipases are mainly localized in LD, whereas minor amounts of them are localized in ER. Once DAG is produced inside the LD, it is transferred to the ER by inheritance cortical ER protein, Ice2, for further reactions. The TAG and PI levels are also controlled by transcriptional regulation in response to inositol and zinc. The aim of this study was to clarify how LDs regulate lipid homeostasis in the yeast cell, and particularly focuses on the balance between TAG and PI. https://nrmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_107537_b80b743ffb6bd3b97f533febc4098f5b.pdfendoplasmic reticulumlipid dropletsphosphatidylinositolsaccharomyces cerevisiaetriacylglycerol |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Fabrice Mutijima Mostafa Basiony Morihisa Fujita |
spellingShingle |
Fabrice Mutijima Mostafa Basiony Morihisa Fujita Lipid droplets formation and their effects on phosphatidylinositol level in yeasts Novel Research in Microbiology Journal endoplasmic reticulum lipid droplets phosphatidylinositol saccharomyces cerevisiae triacylglycerol |
author_facet |
Fabrice Mutijima Mostafa Basiony Morihisa Fujita |
author_sort |
Fabrice Mutijima |
title |
Lipid droplets formation and their effects on phosphatidylinositol level in yeasts |
title_short |
Lipid droplets formation and their effects on phosphatidylinositol level in yeasts |
title_full |
Lipid droplets formation and their effects on phosphatidylinositol level in yeasts |
title_fullStr |
Lipid droplets formation and their effects on phosphatidylinositol level in yeasts |
title_full_unstemmed |
Lipid droplets formation and their effects on phosphatidylinositol level in yeasts |
title_sort |
lipid droplets formation and their effects on phosphatidylinositol level in yeasts |
publisher |
Ain Shams University |
series |
Novel Research in Microbiology Journal |
issn |
2537-0286 2537-0294 |
publishDate |
2020-08-01 |
description |
Lipid droplets (LDs) are conserved specialized organelles that are surrounded by a single phospholipid layer,
enclosing neutral lipids in form of triacylglycerol (TAG) and/or sterol ester. They are formed at the endoplasmic
reticulum (ER), and stay connected to it in the yeast cell. These LDs mainly play major roles in lipid storage and
homeostasis. Moreover, they have several functions in the yeast cell including; protein degradation, protein
glycosylation, response to ER stress, in addition to providing substrate for energy metabolism and for membrane
synthesis. In general, TAG and phosphatidylinositol (PI) synthesis share the same precursor; phosphatidic acid
(PA), which controls their level. By the actions of lipases, phosphatases and/or kinases; one can act as a precursor
for another, thus explaining the reason of their inverse correlation. TAG lipolysis is catalyzed by TAG lipases
producing fatty acids and diacylglycerol (DAG). The DAG produced from lipolysis is phosphorylated by
diacylglycerol kinase (Dgk1) to form PA. On the other hand, PA is a cell signaling molecule and once increased,
it upregulates cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG) pathway for the PI synthesis. Major TAG lipases
are mainly localized in LD, whereas minor amounts of them are localized in ER. Once DAG is produced inside
the LD, it is transferred to the ER by inheritance cortical ER protein, Ice2, for further reactions. The TAG and PI
levels are also controlled by transcriptional regulation in response to inositol and zinc. The aim of this study was
to clarify how LDs regulate lipid homeostasis in the yeast cell, and particularly focuses on the balance between
TAG and PI. |
topic |
endoplasmic reticulum lipid droplets phosphatidylinositol saccharomyces cerevisiae triacylglycerol |
url |
https://nrmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_107537_b80b743ffb6bd3b97f533febc4098f5b.pdf |
work_keys_str_mv |
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