160 Years of Borders Evolution in Dunkirk: Petroleum, Permeability, and Porosity

Since the 1860s, petroleum companies, through their influence on local governments, port authorities, international actors and the general public gradually became more dominant in shaping the urban form of ports and cities. Under their development and pressure, the relationships between industrial a...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Stephan Hauser, Penglin Zhu, Asma Mehan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Cogitatio 2021-07-01
Series:Urban Planning
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.cogitatiopress.com/urbanplanning/article/view/4100