Aging and CMV Infection Affect Pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-Reactive CD8+ T Cells in Unexposed Individuals
Age is a major risk factor for COVID-19 severity, and T cells play a central role in anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity. Because SARS-CoV-2-cross-reactive T cells have been detected in unexposed individuals, we investigated the age-related differences in pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells. SARS-CoV-2-re...
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doaj-0972f62376b243a7af034d4589a3463d2021-08-10T05:12:32ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Aging2673-62172021-08-01210.3389/fragi.2021.719342719342Aging and CMV Infection Affect Pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-Reactive CD8+ T Cells in Unexposed IndividualsNorihide Jo0Norihide Jo1Rui Zhang2Hideki Ueno3Hideki Ueno4Takuya Yamamoto5Takuya Yamamoto6Daniela Weiskopf7Miki Nagao8Shinya Yamanaka9Shinya Yamanaka10Yoko Hamazaki11Yoko Hamazaki12Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, JapanAlliance Laboratory for Advanced Medical Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, JapanDepartment of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, JapanDepartment of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, JapanInstitute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, JapanDepartment of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, JapanInstitute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, JapanCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United StatesDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, JapanDepartment of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, JapanGladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA, United StatesDepartment of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, JapanLaboratory of Immunobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, JapanAge is a major risk factor for COVID-19 severity, and T cells play a central role in anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity. Because SARS-CoV-2-cross-reactive T cells have been detected in unexposed individuals, we investigated the age-related differences in pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells. SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD4+ T cells from young and elderly individuals were mainly detected in the central memory fraction and exhibited similar functionalities and numbers. Naïve-phenotype SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD8+ T cell populations decreased markedly in the elderly, while those with terminally differentiated and senescent phenotypes increased. Furthermore, senescent SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD8+ T cell populations were higher in cytomegalovirus seropositive young individuals compared to seronegative ones. Our findings suggest that age-related differences in pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD8+ T cells may explain the poor outcomes in elderly patients and that cytomegalovirus infection is a potential factor affecting CD8+ T cell immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Thus, this study provides insights for developing effective therapeutic and vaccination strategies for the elderly.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2021.719342/fullSARS-CoV-2COVID-19T-cell immunitycross-reactive T cellssenescent T cellscytomegalovirus |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Norihide Jo Norihide Jo Rui Zhang Hideki Ueno Hideki Ueno Takuya Yamamoto Takuya Yamamoto Daniela Weiskopf Miki Nagao Shinya Yamanaka Shinya Yamanaka Yoko Hamazaki Yoko Hamazaki |
spellingShingle |
Norihide Jo Norihide Jo Rui Zhang Hideki Ueno Hideki Ueno Takuya Yamamoto Takuya Yamamoto Daniela Weiskopf Miki Nagao Shinya Yamanaka Shinya Yamanaka Yoko Hamazaki Yoko Hamazaki Aging and CMV Infection Affect Pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-Reactive CD8+ T Cells in Unexposed Individuals Frontiers in Aging SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 T-cell immunity cross-reactive T cells senescent T cells cytomegalovirus |
author_facet |
Norihide Jo Norihide Jo Rui Zhang Hideki Ueno Hideki Ueno Takuya Yamamoto Takuya Yamamoto Daniela Weiskopf Miki Nagao Shinya Yamanaka Shinya Yamanaka Yoko Hamazaki Yoko Hamazaki |
author_sort |
Norihide Jo |
title |
Aging and CMV Infection Affect Pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-Reactive CD8+ T Cells in Unexposed Individuals |
title_short |
Aging and CMV Infection Affect Pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-Reactive CD8+ T Cells in Unexposed Individuals |
title_full |
Aging and CMV Infection Affect Pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-Reactive CD8+ T Cells in Unexposed Individuals |
title_fullStr |
Aging and CMV Infection Affect Pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-Reactive CD8+ T Cells in Unexposed Individuals |
title_full_unstemmed |
Aging and CMV Infection Affect Pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-Reactive CD8+ T Cells in Unexposed Individuals |
title_sort |
aging and cmv infection affect pre-existing sars-cov-2-reactive cd8+ t cells in unexposed individuals |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Aging |
issn |
2673-6217 |
publishDate |
2021-08-01 |
description |
Age is a major risk factor for COVID-19 severity, and T cells play a central role in anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity. Because SARS-CoV-2-cross-reactive T cells have been detected in unexposed individuals, we investigated the age-related differences in pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells. SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD4+ T cells from young and elderly individuals were mainly detected in the central memory fraction and exhibited similar functionalities and numbers. Naïve-phenotype SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD8+ T cell populations decreased markedly in the elderly, while those with terminally differentiated and senescent phenotypes increased. Furthermore, senescent SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD8+ T cell populations were higher in cytomegalovirus seropositive young individuals compared to seronegative ones. Our findings suggest that age-related differences in pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD8+ T cells may explain the poor outcomes in elderly patients and that cytomegalovirus infection is a potential factor affecting CD8+ T cell immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Thus, this study provides insights for developing effective therapeutic and vaccination strategies for the elderly. |
topic |
SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 T-cell immunity cross-reactive T cells senescent T cells cytomegalovirus |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fragi.2021.719342/full |
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