Antiplasmodial Alkaloids from the Bark of Cryptocarya nigra (Lauraceae)

• Main Authors: Khalijah Awang, Jamaludin Mohamad, Azeana Zahari, Ayu Afiqah Nasrullah
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2013-07-01
• Series: Molecules
• Subjects: Plasmodium falciparum; Cryptocarya nigra; Lauraceae; antioxidant; antiplasmodial; activity
• Online Access: http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/18/7/8009

A dichloromethane extract of the stem bark of Cryptocarya nigra showed strong in vitro inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum growth, with an IC50 value of 2.82 μg/mL. The phytochemical study of this extract has led to the isolation and characterization of four known alkaloids: (+)-N-methylisococlaurine (1), atherosperminine (2), 2-hydroxyathersperminine (3), and noratherosperminine (4). Structural elucidation of all alkaloids was accomplished by means of high field 1D- and 2D-NMR, IR, UV and LCMS spectral data. The isolated extract constituents (+)-N-methylisococlaurine (1), atherosperminine (2) and 2-hydroxy-atherosperminine (3) showed strong antiplasmodial activity, with IC50 values of 5.40, 5.80 and 0.75 μM, respectively. In addition, (+)-N-methylisocolaurine (1) and atherosperminine (2) showed high antioxidant activity in a DPPH assay with IC50 values of 29.56 ug/mL and 54.53 ug/mL respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 also both showed high antioxidant activity in the FRAP assay, with percentages of 78.54 and 70.66 respectively and in the metal chelating assay, with IC50 values of 50.08 ug/mL and 42.87 ug/mL, respectively.