Anti Bacterial Efficacy of Terminalia Chebula, Terminalia Bellirica, Embilica Officinalis and Triphala on Salivary Streptococcus Mutans Count – A Linear Randomized Cross Over Trial
Introduction: From the oral health perspective, it is well established that microorganisms have an important role in caries aetiology. From the dawn of civilization, herbal plants have served an array of roles. Triphala a tradtional herbal Ayurvedic formula consists of three native fruits of ind...
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doaj-133b82acd43f4d4689982eea56c385782020-11-25T02:55:59ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2017-02-01112ZC47ZC5110.7860/JCDR/2017/23558.9355Anti Bacterial Efficacy of Terminalia Chebula, Terminalia Bellirica, Embilica Officinalis and Triphala on Salivary Streptococcus Mutans Count – A Linear Randomized Cross Over TrialSmariti Saxena0Nagesh Lakshminarayan1Shanmukha Gudli2Manish Kumar3Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.Professor and Head, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Bapuji Dental College, Davangere, Karnataka, India.Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, GSL Dental College, Lakshmipuram, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India.Professor and Head, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Anil Neerukonda Institute of Dental Science, Sanghivalasa, Vishakapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.Introduction: From the oral health perspective, it is well established that microorganisms have an important role in caries aetiology. From the dawn of civilization, herbal plants have served an array of roles. Triphala a tradtional herbal Ayurvedic formula consists of three native fruits of india including Terminalia Chebula (T. chebula), Terminalia Bellirica (T. bellirica) and Embilica Officinalis (E. officinalis). As per Ayurvedic Formulary of India (AFI) Triphala is prepared by combining a 1:1:1 mixture of ground dry fruits called myrobalans. Till date, an inadequate number of clinical researches on herb based mouth rinses have been reported in Asia, especially in India and other Southeast Asian countries (where these products are most accepted and widely used). The present study was planned to assess the effectiveness of Triphala with its three constituents. Aim: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Triphala, T. chebula, T. bellirica and E. officinalis aqueous extract rinses separately on Streptococcus mutans count at various time intervals. Materials and Methods: This is a double-blind, linear cross over, within group experimental trial conducted among subjects visiting the Department of Public Health Dentistry aged 15 to 40 years. In this design, subjects received all of the treatments sequentially in time. The independent variables to be assessed in this study were all the four interventions of herbal preparations used and the dependent variable assessed is anti bacterial efficacy. Each subject receives two or more different treatments. All the subjects were exposed to all four interventions: 1) T. chebula; 2) T. bellirica; 3) E. officinalis; and 4) Triphala and were provided 15 ml of the freshly prepared 10% rinse. The subjects were instructed not to eat or drink between salivary samples collection. Post rinse unstimulated salivary samples were collected at five minutes and 60 minutes intervals. All the salivary samples were transferred immediately to microbiological laboratory in sterile containers within one hour for microbiological analysis. Results: The mean Colony Forming Units (CFUs) of S. mutans with Triphala when compared to other three intervention was significantly reduced at 5 minutes and 60 minutes (p=0.001). E. officinalis showed least reduction of mean CFUs when compared to other three groups. Conclusion: It can be concluded that all four rinses were effective in reducing S. mutans CFUs, but 10% Triphala has greater efficacy than its other constituents.https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/9355/23558_CE[Ra]_F(Sh)_PF1(NE_RK)_PFA(RK)_PF2(P_RB).pdfcolony forming unitsdental cariesherbal preparationsmouthrinse |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Smariti Saxena Nagesh Lakshminarayan Shanmukha Gudli Manish Kumar |
spellingShingle |
Smariti Saxena Nagesh Lakshminarayan Shanmukha Gudli Manish Kumar Anti Bacterial Efficacy of Terminalia Chebula, Terminalia Bellirica, Embilica Officinalis and Triphala on Salivary Streptococcus Mutans Count – A Linear Randomized Cross Over Trial Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research colony forming units dental caries herbal preparations mouthrinse |
author_facet |
Smariti Saxena Nagesh Lakshminarayan Shanmukha Gudli Manish Kumar |
author_sort |
Smariti Saxena |
title |
Anti Bacterial Efficacy of Terminalia Chebula, Terminalia Bellirica, Embilica Officinalis and Triphala on Salivary Streptococcus Mutans Count – A Linear Randomized Cross Over Trial |
title_short |
Anti Bacterial Efficacy of Terminalia Chebula, Terminalia Bellirica, Embilica Officinalis and Triphala on Salivary Streptococcus Mutans Count – A Linear Randomized Cross Over Trial |
title_full |
Anti Bacterial Efficacy of Terminalia Chebula, Terminalia Bellirica, Embilica Officinalis and Triphala on Salivary Streptococcus Mutans Count – A Linear Randomized Cross Over Trial |
title_fullStr |
Anti Bacterial Efficacy of Terminalia Chebula, Terminalia Bellirica, Embilica Officinalis and Triphala on Salivary Streptococcus Mutans Count – A Linear Randomized Cross Over Trial |
title_full_unstemmed |
Anti Bacterial Efficacy of Terminalia Chebula, Terminalia Bellirica, Embilica Officinalis and Triphala on Salivary Streptococcus Mutans Count – A Linear Randomized Cross Over Trial |
title_sort |
anti bacterial efficacy of terminalia chebula, terminalia bellirica, embilica officinalis and triphala on salivary streptococcus mutans count – a linear randomized cross over trial |
publisher |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited |
series |
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
issn |
2249-782X 0973-709X |
publishDate |
2017-02-01 |
description |
Introduction: From the oral health perspective, it is well
established that microorganisms have an important role in caries
aetiology. From the dawn of civilization, herbal plants have
served an array of roles. Triphala a tradtional herbal Ayurvedic
formula consists of three native fruits of india including Terminalia
Chebula (T. chebula), Terminalia Bellirica (T. bellirica) and
Embilica Officinalis (E. officinalis). As per Ayurvedic Formulary
of India (AFI) Triphala is prepared by combining a 1:1:1 mixture
of ground dry fruits called myrobalans. Till date, an inadequate
number of clinical researches on herb based mouth rinses have
been reported in Asia, especially in India and other Southeast
Asian countries (where these products are most accepted and
widely used). The present study was planned to assess the
effectiveness of Triphala with its three constituents.
Aim: The objective of this study was to determine the effect
of Triphala, T. chebula, T. bellirica and E. officinalis aqueous
extract rinses separately on Streptococcus mutans count at
various time intervals.
Materials and Methods: This is a double-blind, linear cross over,
within group experimental trial conducted among subjects visiting
the Department of Public Health Dentistry aged 15 to 40 years.
In this design, subjects received all of the treatments sequentially
in time. The independent variables to be assessed in this study
were all the four interventions of herbal preparations used and
the dependent variable assessed is anti bacterial efficacy. Each
subject receives two or more different treatments. All the subjects
were exposed to all four interventions: 1) T. chebula; 2) T. bellirica;
3) E. officinalis; and 4) Triphala and were provided 15 ml of the
freshly prepared 10% rinse. The subjects were instructed not to
eat or drink between salivary samples collection.
Post rinse unstimulated salivary samples were collected at five
minutes and 60 minutes intervals. All the salivary samples were
transferred immediately to microbiological laboratory in sterile
containers within one hour for microbiological analysis.
Results: The mean Colony Forming Units (CFUs) of S. mutans
with Triphala when compared to other three intervention was
significantly reduced at 5 minutes and 60 minutes (p=0.001).
E. officinalis showed least reduction of mean CFUs when
compared to other three groups.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that all four rinses were
effective in reducing S. mutans CFUs, but 10% Triphala has
greater efficacy than its other constituents. |
topic |
colony forming units dental caries herbal preparations mouthrinse |
url |
https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/9355/23558_CE[Ra]_F(Sh)_PF1(NE_RK)_PFA(RK)_PF2(P_RB).pdf |
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