Mechanism of Mitochondrial Connexin43′s Protection of the Neurovascular Unit under Acute Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
We observed mitochondrial connexin43 (mtCx43) expression under cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, analyzed its regulation, and explored its protective mechanisms. Wistar rats were divided into groups based on injections received before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Cerebral infar...
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doaj-1a1df85652404ba28087dce42b54b7582020-11-24T21:40:06ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672016-05-0117567910.3390/ijms17050679ijms17050679Mechanism of Mitochondrial Connexin43′s Protection of the Neurovascular Unit under Acute Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion InjuryShuai Hou0Ping-Ping Shen1Ming-Ming Zhao2Xiu-Ping Liu3Hong-Yan Xie4Fang Deng5Jia-Chun Feng6Department of Neurology and Neuroscience center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, ChinaDepartment of Neurology and Neuroscience center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, ChinaDepartment of Neurology and Neuroscience center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, ChinaDepartment of Neurology and Neuroscience center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, ChinaDepartment of Neurology and Neuroscience center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, ChinaDepartment of Neurology and Neuroscience center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, ChinaDepartment of Neurology and Neuroscience center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, ChinaWe observed mitochondrial connexin43 (mtCx43) expression under cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, analyzed its regulation, and explored its protective mechanisms. Wistar rats were divided into groups based on injections received before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Cerebral infarction volume was detected by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolim chloride staining, and cell apoptosis was observed by transferase dUTP nick end labeling. We used transmission electron microscopy to observe mitochondrial morphology and determined superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. MtCx43, p-mtCx43, protein kinase C (PKC), and p-PKC expression were detected by Western blot. Compared with those in the IR group, cerebral infarction volumes in the carbenoxolone (CBX) and diazoxide (DZX) groups were obviously smaller, and the apoptosis indices were down-regulated. Mitochondrial morphology was damaged after I/R, especially in the IR and 5-hydroxydecanoic acid (5-HD) groups. Similarly, decreased SOD activity and increased MDA were observed after MCAO; CBX, DZX, and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) reduced mitochondrial functional injury. Expression of mtCx43 and p-mtCx43 and the p-Cx43/Cx43 ratio were significantly lower in the IR group than in the sham group. These abnormalities were ameliorated by CBX, DZX, and PMA. MtCx43 may protect the neurovascular unit from acute cerebral IR injury via PKC activation induced by mitoKATP channel agonists.http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/17/5/679mitochondrial connexin43mitochondriacerebral ischemia-reperfusionmitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ channelprotein kinase C |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Shuai Hou Ping-Ping Shen Ming-Ming Zhao Xiu-Ping Liu Hong-Yan Xie Fang Deng Jia-Chun Feng |
spellingShingle |
Shuai Hou Ping-Ping Shen Ming-Ming Zhao Xiu-Ping Liu Hong-Yan Xie Fang Deng Jia-Chun Feng Mechanism of Mitochondrial Connexin43′s Protection of the Neurovascular Unit under Acute Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury International Journal of Molecular Sciences mitochondrial connexin43 mitochondria cerebral ischemia-reperfusion mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ channel protein kinase C |
author_facet |
Shuai Hou Ping-Ping Shen Ming-Ming Zhao Xiu-Ping Liu Hong-Yan Xie Fang Deng Jia-Chun Feng |
author_sort |
Shuai Hou |
title |
Mechanism of Mitochondrial Connexin43′s Protection of the Neurovascular Unit under Acute Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury |
title_short |
Mechanism of Mitochondrial Connexin43′s Protection of the Neurovascular Unit under Acute Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury |
title_full |
Mechanism of Mitochondrial Connexin43′s Protection of the Neurovascular Unit under Acute Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury |
title_fullStr |
Mechanism of Mitochondrial Connexin43′s Protection of the Neurovascular Unit under Acute Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mechanism of Mitochondrial Connexin43′s Protection of the Neurovascular Unit under Acute Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury |
title_sort |
mechanism of mitochondrial connexin43′s protection of the neurovascular unit under acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2016-05-01 |
description |
We observed mitochondrial connexin43 (mtCx43) expression under cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, analyzed its regulation, and explored its protective mechanisms. Wistar rats were divided into groups based on injections received before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Cerebral infarction volume was detected by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolim chloride staining, and cell apoptosis was observed by transferase dUTP nick end labeling. We used transmission electron microscopy to observe mitochondrial morphology and determined superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. MtCx43, p-mtCx43, protein kinase C (PKC), and p-PKC expression were detected by Western blot. Compared with those in the IR group, cerebral infarction volumes in the carbenoxolone (CBX) and diazoxide (DZX) groups were obviously smaller, and the apoptosis indices were down-regulated. Mitochondrial morphology was damaged after I/R, especially in the IR and 5-hydroxydecanoic acid (5-HD) groups. Similarly, decreased SOD activity and increased MDA were observed after MCAO; CBX, DZX, and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) reduced mitochondrial functional injury. Expression of mtCx43 and p-mtCx43 and the p-Cx43/Cx43 ratio were significantly lower in the IR group than in the sham group. These abnormalities were ameliorated by CBX, DZX, and PMA. MtCx43 may protect the neurovascular unit from acute cerebral IR injury via PKC activation induced by mitoKATP channel agonists. |
topic |
mitochondrial connexin43 mitochondria cerebral ischemia-reperfusion mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ channel protein kinase C |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/17/5/679 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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