Neuroprotective Effects of Hesperidin, a Plant Flavanone, on Rotenone-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in a Cellular Model for Parkinson’s Disease
Rotenone a widely used pesticide that inhibits mitochondrial complex I has been used to investigate the pathobiology of PD both in vitro and in vivo. Studies have shown that the neurotoxicity of rotenone may be related to its ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to neuronal apo...
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doaj-1bb0ff6e8c5b41ebba314402adcb9ff62020-11-24T23:46:31ZengHindawi LimitedOxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity1942-09001942-09942013-01-01201310.1155/2013/102741102741Neuroprotective Effects of Hesperidin, a Plant Flavanone, on Rotenone-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in a Cellular Model for Parkinson’s DiseaseKuppusamy Tamilselvam0Nady Braidy1Thamilarasan Manivasagam2Musthafa Mohamed Essa3Nagarajan Rajendra Prasad4Subburayan Karthikeyan5Arokyasamy Justin Thenmozhi6Subash Selvaraju7Gilles J. Guillemin8Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, College Rd, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu 608002, IndiaCentre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New SouthWales, Sydney 2031, AustraliaDepartment of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, College Rd, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu 608002, IndiaDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 50, Muscat 123, OmanDepartment of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, College Rd, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu 608002, IndiaDepartment of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, College Rd, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu 608002, IndiaDepartment of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, College Rd, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu 608002, IndiaDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 50, Muscat 123, OmanNeuropharmacology Group, MND and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Centre, Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, Balaclava Road, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, AustraliaRotenone a widely used pesticide that inhibits mitochondrial complex I has been used to investigate the pathobiology of PD both in vitro and in vivo. Studies have shown that the neurotoxicity of rotenone may be related to its ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to neuronal apoptosis. The current study was carried out to investigate the neuroprotective effects of hesperidin, a citrus fruit flavanol, against rotenone-induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells. We assessed cell death, mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS generation, ATP levels, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, and the activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) using well established assays. Apoptosis was determined in normal, rotenone, and hesperidin treated cells, by measuring the protein expression of cytochrome c (cyt c), caspases 3 and 9, Bax, and Bcl-2 using the standard western blotting technique. The apoptosis in rotenone-induced SK-N-SH cells was accompanied by the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, increased ROS generation, the depletion of GSH, enhanced activities of enzymatic antioxidants, upregulation of Bax, cyt c, and caspases 3 and 9, and downregulation of Bcl-2, which were attenuated in the presence of hesperidin. Our data suggests that hesperidin exerts its neuroprotective effect against rotenone due to its antioxidant, maintenance of mitochondrial function, and antiapoptotic properties in a neuroblastoma cell line.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/102741 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Kuppusamy Tamilselvam Nady Braidy Thamilarasan Manivasagam Musthafa Mohamed Essa Nagarajan Rajendra Prasad Subburayan Karthikeyan Arokyasamy Justin Thenmozhi Subash Selvaraju Gilles J. Guillemin |
spellingShingle |
Kuppusamy Tamilselvam Nady Braidy Thamilarasan Manivasagam Musthafa Mohamed Essa Nagarajan Rajendra Prasad Subburayan Karthikeyan Arokyasamy Justin Thenmozhi Subash Selvaraju Gilles J. Guillemin Neuroprotective Effects of Hesperidin, a Plant Flavanone, on Rotenone-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in a Cellular Model for Parkinson’s Disease Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity |
author_facet |
Kuppusamy Tamilselvam Nady Braidy Thamilarasan Manivasagam Musthafa Mohamed Essa Nagarajan Rajendra Prasad Subburayan Karthikeyan Arokyasamy Justin Thenmozhi Subash Selvaraju Gilles J. Guillemin |
author_sort |
Kuppusamy Tamilselvam |
title |
Neuroprotective Effects of Hesperidin, a Plant Flavanone, on Rotenone-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in a Cellular Model for Parkinson’s Disease |
title_short |
Neuroprotective Effects of Hesperidin, a Plant Flavanone, on Rotenone-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in a Cellular Model for Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full |
Neuroprotective Effects of Hesperidin, a Plant Flavanone, on Rotenone-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in a Cellular Model for Parkinson’s Disease |
title_fullStr |
Neuroprotective Effects of Hesperidin, a Plant Flavanone, on Rotenone-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in a Cellular Model for Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full_unstemmed |
Neuroprotective Effects of Hesperidin, a Plant Flavanone, on Rotenone-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in a Cellular Model for Parkinson’s Disease |
title_sort |
neuroprotective effects of hesperidin, a plant flavanone, on rotenone-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in a cellular model for parkinson’s disease |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
series |
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity |
issn |
1942-0900 1942-0994 |
publishDate |
2013-01-01 |
description |
Rotenone a widely used pesticide that inhibits mitochondrial complex I has been used to investigate the pathobiology of PD both in vitro and in vivo. Studies have shown that the neurotoxicity of rotenone may be related to its ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to neuronal apoptosis. The current study was carried out to investigate the neuroprotective effects of hesperidin, a citrus fruit flavanol, against rotenone-induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells. We assessed cell death, mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS generation, ATP levels, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, and the activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) using well established assays. Apoptosis was determined in normal, rotenone, and hesperidin treated cells, by measuring the protein expression of cytochrome c (cyt c), caspases 3 and 9, Bax, and Bcl-2 using the standard western blotting technique. The apoptosis in rotenone-induced SK-N-SH cells was accompanied by the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, increased ROS generation, the depletion of GSH, enhanced activities of enzymatic antioxidants, upregulation of Bax, cyt c, and caspases 3 and 9, and downregulation of Bcl-2, which were attenuated in the presence of hesperidin. Our data suggests that hesperidin exerts its neuroprotective effect against rotenone due to its antioxidant, maintenance of mitochondrial function, and antiapoptotic properties in a neuroblastoma cell line. |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/102741 |
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