HSV-1 and Zika Virus but Not SARS-CoV-2 Replicate in the Human Cornea and Are Restricted by Corneal Type III Interferon
Summary: Here, we report our studies of immune-mediated regulation of Zika virus (ZIKV), herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the human cornea. We find that ZIKV can be transmitted via corneal transplantation in mice. However,...
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doaj-1d747a51c2e3423d93390f3b6d7ce5022020-11-25T04:02:03ZengElsevierCell Reports2211-12472020-11-01335108339HSV-1 and Zika Virus but Not SARS-CoV-2 Replicate in the Human Cornea and Are Restricted by Corneal Type III InterferonJonathan J. Miner0Derek J. Platt1Cyrus M. Ghaznavi2Pallavi Chandra3Andrea Santeford4Amber M. Menos5Zhenyu Dong6Erin R. Wang7Wei Qian8Elysse S. Karozichian9Jennifer A. Philips10Rajendra S. Apte11Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Corresponding authorDepartment of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USADepartment of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USADepartment of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USADepartment of Ophthalmology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USADepartment of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USADepartment of Ophthalmology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USADepartment of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USADepartment of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USADepartment of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USADepartment of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USADepartment of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Corresponding authorSummary: Here, we report our studies of immune-mediated regulation of Zika virus (ZIKV), herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the human cornea. We find that ZIKV can be transmitted via corneal transplantation in mice. However, in human corneal explants, we report that ZIKV does not replicate efficiently and that SARS-CoV-2 does not replicate at all. Additionally, we demonstrate that type III interferon (IFN-λ) and its receptor (IFNλR1) are expressed in the corneal epithelium. Treatment of human corneal explants with IFN-λ, and treatment of mice with IFN-λ eye drops, upregulates antiviral interferon-stimulated genes. In human corneal explants, blockade of IFNλR1 enhances replication of ZIKV and HSV-1 but not SARS-CoV-2. In addition to an antiviral role for IFNλR1 in the cornea, our results suggest that the human cornea does not support SARS-CoV-2 infection despite expression of ACE2, a SARS-CoV-2 receptor, in the human corneal epithelium.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124720313280SARS-CoV-2coronavirusherpes simplex virusZika viruseyecornea |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Jonathan J. Miner Derek J. Platt Cyrus M. Ghaznavi Pallavi Chandra Andrea Santeford Amber M. Menos Zhenyu Dong Erin R. Wang Wei Qian Elysse S. Karozichian Jennifer A. Philips Rajendra S. Apte |
spellingShingle |
Jonathan J. Miner Derek J. Platt Cyrus M. Ghaznavi Pallavi Chandra Andrea Santeford Amber M. Menos Zhenyu Dong Erin R. Wang Wei Qian Elysse S. Karozichian Jennifer A. Philips Rajendra S. Apte HSV-1 and Zika Virus but Not SARS-CoV-2 Replicate in the Human Cornea and Are Restricted by Corneal Type III Interferon Cell Reports SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus herpes simplex virus Zika virus eye cornea |
author_facet |
Jonathan J. Miner Derek J. Platt Cyrus M. Ghaznavi Pallavi Chandra Andrea Santeford Amber M. Menos Zhenyu Dong Erin R. Wang Wei Qian Elysse S. Karozichian Jennifer A. Philips Rajendra S. Apte |
author_sort |
Jonathan J. Miner |
title |
HSV-1 and Zika Virus but Not SARS-CoV-2 Replicate in the Human Cornea and Are Restricted by Corneal Type III Interferon |
title_short |
HSV-1 and Zika Virus but Not SARS-CoV-2 Replicate in the Human Cornea and Are Restricted by Corneal Type III Interferon |
title_full |
HSV-1 and Zika Virus but Not SARS-CoV-2 Replicate in the Human Cornea and Are Restricted by Corneal Type III Interferon |
title_fullStr |
HSV-1 and Zika Virus but Not SARS-CoV-2 Replicate in the Human Cornea and Are Restricted by Corneal Type III Interferon |
title_full_unstemmed |
HSV-1 and Zika Virus but Not SARS-CoV-2 Replicate in the Human Cornea and Are Restricted by Corneal Type III Interferon |
title_sort |
hsv-1 and zika virus but not sars-cov-2 replicate in the human cornea and are restricted by corneal type iii interferon |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Cell Reports |
issn |
2211-1247 |
publishDate |
2020-11-01 |
description |
Summary: Here, we report our studies of immune-mediated regulation of Zika virus (ZIKV), herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the human cornea. We find that ZIKV can be transmitted via corneal transplantation in mice. However, in human corneal explants, we report that ZIKV does not replicate efficiently and that SARS-CoV-2 does not replicate at all. Additionally, we demonstrate that type III interferon (IFN-λ) and its receptor (IFNλR1) are expressed in the corneal epithelium. Treatment of human corneal explants with IFN-λ, and treatment of mice with IFN-λ eye drops, upregulates antiviral interferon-stimulated genes. In human corneal explants, blockade of IFNλR1 enhances replication of ZIKV and HSV-1 but not SARS-CoV-2. In addition to an antiviral role for IFNλR1 in the cornea, our results suggest that the human cornea does not support SARS-CoV-2 infection despite expression of ACE2, a SARS-CoV-2 receptor, in the human corneal epithelium. |
topic |
SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus herpes simplex virus Zika virus eye cornea |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124720313280 |
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