Vaccine Adjuvants in Fish Vaccines Make a Difference: Comparing Three Adjuvants (Montanide ISA763A Oil, CpG/Poly I:C Combo and VHSV Glycoprotein) Alone or in Combination Formulated with an Inactivated Whole Salmonid Alphavirus Antigen
Most commercial vaccines offered to the aquaculture industry include inactivated antigens (Ag) formulated in oil adjuvants. Safety concerns are related to the use of oil adjuvants in multivalent vaccines for fish, since adverse side effects (e.g., adhesions) can appear. Therefore, there is a request...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2014-03-01
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Series: | Vaccines |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/2/2/228 |