An Evaluation of Boar Spermatozoa as a Biosensor for the Detection of Sublethal and Lethal Toxicity

A novel, objective, and rapid computed motility inhibition (CMI) assay was developed to identify and assess sublethal injury in toxin-exposed boar spermatozoa and compared with a subjective visual motility inhibition (VMI) assay. The CMI values were calculated from digital micrographic videos using...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Emmanuelle Castagnoli, Johanna Salo, Matti S. Toivonen, Tamás Marik, Raimo Mikkola, László Kredics, Alejandro Vicente-Carrillo, Szabolcs Nagy, Markus T. Andersson, Maria A. Andersson, Jarek Kurnitski, Heidi Salonen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2018-11-01
Series:Toxins
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/10/11/463