Parasitism, the diversity of life, and paleoparasitology

The parasite-host-environment system is dynamic, with several points of equilibrium. This makes it difficult to trace the thresholds between benefit and damage, and therefore, the definitions of commensalism, mutualism, and symbiosis become worthless. Therefore, the same concept of parasitism may en...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Adauto Araújo, Ana Maria Jansen, Françoise Bouchet, Karl Reinhard, Luiz Fernando Ferreira
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde 2003-01-01
Series:Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz.
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762003000900003