Enhancement of Photorefraction in Vanadium-Doped Lithium Niobate through Iron and Zirconium Co-Doping
A series of mono-, double-, and tri-doped LiNbO<sub>3</sub> crystals with vanadium were grown by Czochralski method, and their photorefractive properties were investigated. The response time for 0.1 mol% vanadium, 4.0 mol% zirconium, and 0.03 wt.% iron co-doped lithium niobate crystal at...
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/12/19/3143 |
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doaj-2967d30c7b854b9eb5acf35bcdf496a42020-11-25T02:22:58ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442019-09-011219314310.3390/ma12193143ma12193143Enhancement of Photorefraction in Vanadium-Doped Lithium Niobate through Iron and Zirconium Co-DopingShahzad Saeed0Hongde Liu1Liyun Xue2Dahuai Zheng3Shiguo Liu4Shaolin Chen5Yongfa Kong6Romano Rupp7Jingjun Xu8The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, ChinaThe MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, ChinaThe MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, ChinaThe MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, ChinaThe MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, ChinaThe MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, ChinaThe MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, ChinaFaculty of Physics, Vienna University, A-1090 Wien, AustriaThe MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, ChinaA series of mono-, double-, and tri-doped LiNbO<sub>3</sub> crystals with vanadium were grown by Czochralski method, and their photorefractive properties were investigated. The response time for 0.1 mol% vanadium, 4.0 mol% zirconium, and 0.03 wt.% iron co-doped lithium niobate crystal at 488 nm was shortened to 0.53 s, which is three orders of magnitude shorter than the mono-iron-doped lithium niobate, with a maintained high diffraction efficiency of 57% and an excellent sensitivity of 9.2 cm/J. The Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and OH<sup>−</sup> absorption spectra were studied for all crystals tested. The defect structure is discussed, and a defect energy level diagram is proposed. The results show that vanadium, zirconium, and iron co-doped lithium niobate crystals with fast response and a moderately large diffraction efficiency can become another good candidate material for 3D-holographic storage and dynamic holography applications.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/12/19/3143lithium niobatephotorefractive propertiesoptical storage materialsvanadiumzirconium and iron co-doped |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
English |
| format |
Article |
| sources |
DOAJ |
| author |
Shahzad Saeed Hongde Liu Liyun Xue Dahuai Zheng Shiguo Liu Shaolin Chen Yongfa Kong Romano Rupp Jingjun Xu |
| spellingShingle |
Shahzad Saeed Hongde Liu Liyun Xue Dahuai Zheng Shiguo Liu Shaolin Chen Yongfa Kong Romano Rupp Jingjun Xu Enhancement of Photorefraction in Vanadium-Doped Lithium Niobate through Iron and Zirconium Co-Doping Materials lithium niobate photorefractive properties optical storage materials vanadium zirconium and iron co-doped |
| author_facet |
Shahzad Saeed Hongde Liu Liyun Xue Dahuai Zheng Shiguo Liu Shaolin Chen Yongfa Kong Romano Rupp Jingjun Xu |
| author_sort |
Shahzad Saeed |
| title |
Enhancement of Photorefraction in Vanadium-Doped Lithium Niobate through Iron and Zirconium Co-Doping |
| title_short |
Enhancement of Photorefraction in Vanadium-Doped Lithium Niobate through Iron and Zirconium Co-Doping |
| title_full |
Enhancement of Photorefraction in Vanadium-Doped Lithium Niobate through Iron and Zirconium Co-Doping |
| title_fullStr |
Enhancement of Photorefraction in Vanadium-Doped Lithium Niobate through Iron and Zirconium Co-Doping |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Enhancement of Photorefraction in Vanadium-Doped Lithium Niobate through Iron and Zirconium Co-Doping |
| title_sort |
enhancement of photorefraction in vanadium-doped lithium niobate through iron and zirconium co-doping |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| series |
Materials |
| issn |
1996-1944 |
| publishDate |
2019-09-01 |
| description |
A series of mono-, double-, and tri-doped LiNbO<sub>3</sub> crystals with vanadium were grown by Czochralski method, and their photorefractive properties were investigated. The response time for 0.1 mol% vanadium, 4.0 mol% zirconium, and 0.03 wt.% iron co-doped lithium niobate crystal at 488 nm was shortened to 0.53 s, which is three orders of magnitude shorter than the mono-iron-doped lithium niobate, with a maintained high diffraction efficiency of 57% and an excellent sensitivity of 9.2 cm/J. The Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and OH<sup>−</sup> absorption spectra were studied for all crystals tested. The defect structure is discussed, and a defect energy level diagram is proposed. The results show that vanadium, zirconium, and iron co-doped lithium niobate crystals with fast response and a moderately large diffraction efficiency can become another good candidate material for 3D-holographic storage and dynamic holography applications. |
| topic |
lithium niobate photorefractive properties optical storage materials vanadium zirconium and iron co-doped |
| url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/12/19/3143 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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| _version_ |
1724860737380155392 |