Efficient Promotion of Autophagy and Angiogenesis Using Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy Enhanced by the Low-Energy Shock Waves in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction
Background. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy (MSCT) and defocused low-energy shock wave therapy (ESWT) has been shown to ameliorate erectile dysfunction (ED). However, the interactions and effects of action between MSCT and ESWT remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Hindawi Limited
2018-01-01
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Series: | Stem Cells International |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1302672 |