Pyridoxine Deficiency Exacerbates Neuronal Damage after Ischemia by Increasing Oxidative Stress and Reduces Proliferating Cells and Neuroblasts in the Gerbil Hippocampus
We investigated the effects of pyridoxine deficiency on ischemic neuronal death in the hippocampus of gerbil (<i>n</i> = 5 per group). Serum pyridoxal 5′-phosphate levels were significantly decreased in Pyridoxine-deficient diet (PDD)-fed gerbils, while homocysteine levels were significa...
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/15/5551 |
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doaj-2fbf3277fe60401db180b78e6885b5c22020-11-25T03:18:42ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-08-01215551555110.3390/ijms21155551Pyridoxine Deficiency Exacerbates Neuronal Damage after Ischemia by Increasing Oxidative Stress and Reduces Proliferating Cells and Neuroblasts in the Gerbil HippocampusHyo Young Jung0Woosuk Kim1Kyu Ri Hahn2Min Soo Kang3Tae Hyeong Kim4Hyun Jung Kwon5Sung Min Nam6Jin Young Chung7Jung Hoon Choi8Yeo Sung Yoon9Dae Won Kim10Dae Young Yoo11In Koo Hwang12Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, KoreaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, KoreaDepartment of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, KoreaDepartment of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, KoreaDepartment of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, KoreaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, KoreaDepartment of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05030, KoreaDepartment of Veterinary Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, KoreaDepartment of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, KoreaDepartment of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, KoreaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, KoreaDepartment of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, KoreaDepartment of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, KoreaWe investigated the effects of pyridoxine deficiency on ischemic neuronal death in the hippocampus of gerbil (<i>n</i> = 5 per group). Serum pyridoxal 5′-phosphate levels were significantly decreased in Pyridoxine-deficient diet (PDD)-fed gerbils, while homocysteine levels were significantly increased in sham- and ischemia-operated gerbils. PDD-fed gerbil showed a reduction in neuronal nuclei (NeuN)-immunoreactive neurons in the medial part of the hippocampal CA1 region three days after. Reactive astrocytosis and microgliosis were found in PDD-fed gerbils, and transient ischemia caused the aggregation of activated microglia in the stratum pyramidale three days after ischemia. Lipid peroxidation was prominently increased in the hippocampus and was significantly higher in PDD-fed gerbils than in Control diet (CD)-fed gerbils after ischemia. In contrast, pyridoxine deficiency decreased the proliferating cells and neuroblasts in the dentate gyrus in sham- and ischemia-operated gerbils. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels also significantly decreased in PDD-fed gerbils sham 24 h after ischemia. These results suggest that pyridoxine deficiency accelerates neuronal death by increasing serum homocysteine levels and lipid peroxidation, and by decreasing Nrf2 levels in the hippocampus. Additionally, it reduces the regenerated potentials in hippocampus by decreasing BDNF levels. Collectively, pyridoxine is an essential element in modulating cell death and hippocampal neurogenesis after ischemia.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/15/5551pyridoxine deficiencyischemiagerbilhomocysteinecell deathglia |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
English |
| format |
Article |
| sources |
DOAJ |
| author |
Hyo Young Jung Woosuk Kim Kyu Ri Hahn Min Soo Kang Tae Hyeong Kim Hyun Jung Kwon Sung Min Nam Jin Young Chung Jung Hoon Choi Yeo Sung Yoon Dae Won Kim Dae Young Yoo In Koo Hwang |
| spellingShingle |
Hyo Young Jung Woosuk Kim Kyu Ri Hahn Min Soo Kang Tae Hyeong Kim Hyun Jung Kwon Sung Min Nam Jin Young Chung Jung Hoon Choi Yeo Sung Yoon Dae Won Kim Dae Young Yoo In Koo Hwang Pyridoxine Deficiency Exacerbates Neuronal Damage after Ischemia by Increasing Oxidative Stress and Reduces Proliferating Cells and Neuroblasts in the Gerbil Hippocampus International Journal of Molecular Sciences pyridoxine deficiency ischemia gerbil homocysteine cell death glia |
| author_facet |
Hyo Young Jung Woosuk Kim Kyu Ri Hahn Min Soo Kang Tae Hyeong Kim Hyun Jung Kwon Sung Min Nam Jin Young Chung Jung Hoon Choi Yeo Sung Yoon Dae Won Kim Dae Young Yoo In Koo Hwang |
| author_sort |
Hyo Young Jung |
| title |
Pyridoxine Deficiency Exacerbates Neuronal Damage after Ischemia by Increasing Oxidative Stress and Reduces Proliferating Cells and Neuroblasts in the Gerbil Hippocampus |
| title_short |
Pyridoxine Deficiency Exacerbates Neuronal Damage after Ischemia by Increasing Oxidative Stress and Reduces Proliferating Cells and Neuroblasts in the Gerbil Hippocampus |
| title_full |
Pyridoxine Deficiency Exacerbates Neuronal Damage after Ischemia by Increasing Oxidative Stress and Reduces Proliferating Cells and Neuroblasts in the Gerbil Hippocampus |
| title_fullStr |
Pyridoxine Deficiency Exacerbates Neuronal Damage after Ischemia by Increasing Oxidative Stress and Reduces Proliferating Cells and Neuroblasts in the Gerbil Hippocampus |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Pyridoxine Deficiency Exacerbates Neuronal Damage after Ischemia by Increasing Oxidative Stress and Reduces Proliferating Cells and Neuroblasts in the Gerbil Hippocampus |
| title_sort |
pyridoxine deficiency exacerbates neuronal damage after ischemia by increasing oxidative stress and reduces proliferating cells and neuroblasts in the gerbil hippocampus |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| issn |
1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| publishDate |
2020-08-01 |
| description |
We investigated the effects of pyridoxine deficiency on ischemic neuronal death in the hippocampus of gerbil (<i>n</i> = 5 per group). Serum pyridoxal 5′-phosphate levels were significantly decreased in Pyridoxine-deficient diet (PDD)-fed gerbils, while homocysteine levels were significantly increased in sham- and ischemia-operated gerbils. PDD-fed gerbil showed a reduction in neuronal nuclei (NeuN)-immunoreactive neurons in the medial part of the hippocampal CA1 region three days after. Reactive astrocytosis and microgliosis were found in PDD-fed gerbils, and transient ischemia caused the aggregation of activated microglia in the stratum pyramidale three days after ischemia. Lipid peroxidation was prominently increased in the hippocampus and was significantly higher in PDD-fed gerbils than in Control diet (CD)-fed gerbils after ischemia. In contrast, pyridoxine deficiency decreased the proliferating cells and neuroblasts in the dentate gyrus in sham- and ischemia-operated gerbils. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels also significantly decreased in PDD-fed gerbils sham 24 h after ischemia. These results suggest that pyridoxine deficiency accelerates neuronal death by increasing serum homocysteine levels and lipid peroxidation, and by decreasing Nrf2 levels in the hippocampus. Additionally, it reduces the regenerated potentials in hippocampus by decreasing BDNF levels. Collectively, pyridoxine is an essential element in modulating cell death and hippocampal neurogenesis after ischemia. |
| topic |
pyridoxine deficiency ischemia gerbil homocysteine cell death glia |
| url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/15/5551 |
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