Design of a 3D BMP-2-Delivering Tannylated PCL Scaffold and Its Anti-Oxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Osteogenic Effects In Vitro

• Main Authors: Jae Yong Lee, Hyunwoong Lim, Jae Won Ahn, Dongsik Jang, Seung Hee Lee, Kyeongsoon Park, Sung Eun Kim
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2018-11-01
• Series: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
• Subjects: bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2); tannic acid (TA); polycaprolactone (PCL); 3D scaffold; anti-oxidation; anti-inflammation; osteogenic differentiation
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/11/3602

In this study, a novel three-dimensional (3D) bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2)-delivering tannylated polycaprolactone (PCL) (BMP-2/tannic acid (TA)/PCL) scaffold with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and osteogenic activities was fabricated via simple surface coating with TA, followed by the immobilization of BMP-2 on the TA-coated PCL scaffold. The BMP-2/TA/PCL scaffold showed controlled and sustained BMP-2 release. It effectively scavenged reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells, and increased the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells pre-treated with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Additionally, the BMP-2/TA/PCL scaffold significantly suppressed the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including matrix metalloproteinases-3 (MMP-3), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, it showed outstanding enhancement of the osteogenic activity of MC3T3-E1 cells through increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium deposition. Our findings demonstrated that the BMP-2/TA/PCL scaffold plays an important role in scavenging ROS, suppressing inflammatory response, and enhancing the osteogenic differentiation of cells.