Service Provider Salience: When Guilt Undermines Consumer Willingness to Buy Time

• Main Authors: Ashley V. Whillans, Alice J. Lee-Yoon, Elizabeth W. Dunn
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: University of California Press 2020-06-01
• Series: Collabra: Psychology
• Subjects: time; money; happiness; identifiable victim effect; social support
• Online Access: https://www.collabra.org/articles/252

Spending money on time-saving services can improve happiness and reduce stress. Yet many people do not spend money to save time even when they can afford to do so, potentially because they feel guilty about paying other people to complete disliked tasks on their behalf. Consistent with this proposition, we find evidence that individuals are most likely to experience guilt when outsourcing to a salient service provider. Across two large-scale surveys of working adults, including a nationally representative sample of employed Americans (Study 1a & 1b, N = 1,337), individuals reported greater guilt when they thought about outsourcing to a salient (vs. non-salient) service provider. Using a novel lab paradigm, participants felt greater guilt when the service provider was salient, which in turn undermined their willingness to buy time (Study 2, N = 350). In Study 3, these effects were mitigated by emphasizing the benefits of task completion for the service provider (N = 390). This research points to the potential of simple interventions to help organizations encourage individuals to make time-saving purchases.