Hydration Status, Fluid Intake, Sweat Rate, and Sweat Sodium Concentration in Recreational Tropical Native Runners

• Main Authors: Juthamard Surapongchai, Vitoon Saengsirisuwan, Ian Rollo, Rebecca K. Randell, Kanpiraya Nithitsuttibuta, Patarawadee Sainiyom, Clarence Hong Wei Leow, Jason Kai Wei Lee
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-04-01
• Series: Nutrients
• Subjects: recreational running; tropical climate; sweat electrolyte; fluid replacement; hydration plan
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/4/1374

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate hydration status, fluid intake, sweat rate, and sweat sodium concentration in recreational tropical native runners. Methods: A total of 102 males and 64 females participated in this study. Participants ran at their self-selected pace for 30–100 min. Age, environmental conditions, running profiles, sweat rates, and sweat sodium data were recorded. Differences in age, running duration, distance and pace, and physiological changes between sexes were analysed. A <i>p</i>-value cut-off of 0.05 depicted statistical significance. Results: Males had lower relative fluid intake (6 ± 6 vs. 8 ± 7 mL·kg⁻¹·h⁻¹, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and greater relative fluid balance deficit (−13 ± 8 mL·kg⁻¹·h⁻¹ vs. −8 ± 7 mL·kg⁻¹·h⁻¹, <i>p</i> < 0.05) than females. Males had higher whole-body sweat rates (1.3 ± 0.5 L·h⁻¹ vs. 0.9 ± 0.3 L·h⁻¹, <i>p</i> < 0.05) than females. Mean rates of sweat sodium loss (54 ± 27 vs. 39 ± 22 mmol·h⁻¹) were higher in males than females (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Conclusions: The sweat profile and composition in tropical native runners are similar to reported values in the literature. The current fluid replacement guidelines pertaining to volume and electrolyte replacement are applicable to tropical native runners.