| Summary: | Probiotics can act as a natural barrier against several pathogens, such <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>, a bacterium linked to stomach cancer. The aim of the present study was to isolate and identify lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from pulque and aguamiel, and evaluate their probiotic potential and antimicrobial effect on <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>. Ten isolates were selected and evaluated for in vitro resistance to antibiotics and gastrointestinal conditions, and antimicrobial activity against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> and the effect on <i>H. pylori</i> strains. 16S rRNA identification was performed. Ten potential probiotic isolates were confirmed as belonging to the genera <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Pediococcus</i>. All the strains were susceptible to clinical antibiotics, except to vancomycin. Sixty percent of the isolates exhibited antimicrobial activity against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i>. The growth of <i>H. pylori</i> ATCC 43504 was suppressed by all the LAB, and the urease activity from all the <i>H. pylori</i> strains was inhibited, which may decrease its chances for survival in the stomach. The results suggest that LAB isolated from pulque and aguamiel could be an option to establish a harmless relationship between the host and <i>H. pylori</i>, helping in their eradication therapy.
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