Evaluation of a bone filler scaffold for local antibiotic delivery to prevent Staphylococcus aureus infection in a contaminated bone defect

Abstract We previously reported the development of an osteogenic bone filler scaffold consisting of degradable polyurethane, hydroxyapatite, and decellularized bovine bone particles. The current study was aimed at evaluating the use of this scaffold as a means of local antibiotic delivery to prevent...

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Main Authors:	Karen E. Beenken, Mara J. Campbell, Aura M. Ramirez, Karrar Alghazali, Christopher M. Walker, Bailey Jackson, Christopher Griffin, William King, Shawn E. Bourdo, Rebecca Rifkin, Silke Hecht, Daniel G. Meeker, David E. Anderson, Alexandru S. Biris, Mark S. Smeltzer
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Nature Publishing Group 2021-05-01
Series:	Scientific Reports
Online Access:	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89830-z

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spelling	doaj-499612545c514ba09349c6d9e0ce29072021-05-16T11:25:19ZengNature Publishing GroupScientific Reports2045-23222021-05-0111111010.1038/s41598-021-89830-zEvaluation of a bone filler scaffold for local antibiotic delivery to prevent Staphylococcus aureus infection in a contaminated bone defectKaren E. Beenken0Mara J. Campbell1Aura M. Ramirez2Karrar Alghazali3Christopher M. Walker4Bailey Jackson5Christopher Griffin6William King7Shawn E. Bourdo8Rebecca Rifkin9Silke Hecht10Daniel G. Meeker11David E. Anderson12Alexandru S. Biris13Mark S. Smeltzer14Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesCenter for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little RockDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesCenter for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little RockCenter for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little RockCenter for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little RockCenter for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little RockDepartment of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary MedicineDepartment of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary MedicineDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesDepartment of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary MedicineCenter for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little RockDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesAbstract We previously reported the development of an osteogenic bone filler scaffold consisting of degradable polyurethane, hydroxyapatite, and decellularized bovine bone particles. The current study was aimed at evaluating the use of this scaffold as a means of local antibiotic delivery to prevent infection in a bone defect contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus. We evaluated two scaffold formulations with the same component ratios but differing overall porosity and surface area. Studies with vancomycin, daptomycin, and gentamicin confirmed that antibiotic uptake was concentration dependent and that increased porosity correlated with increased uptake and prolonged antibiotic release. We also demonstrate that vancomycin can be passively loaded into either formulation in sufficient concentration to prevent infection in a rabbit model of a contaminated segmental bone defect. Moreover, even in those few cases in which complete eradication was not achieved, the number of viable bacteria in the bone was significantly reduced by treatment and there was no radiographic evidence of osteomyelitis. Radiographs and microcomputed tomography (µCT) analysis from the in vivo studies also suggested that the addition of vancomycin did not have any significant effect on the scaffold itself. These results demonstrate the potential utility of our bone regeneration scaffold for local antibiotic delivery to prevent infection in contaminated bone defects.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89830-z
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Karen E. Beenken Mara J. Campbell Aura M. Ramirez Karrar Alghazali Christopher M. Walker Bailey Jackson Christopher Griffin William King Shawn E. Bourdo Rebecca Rifkin Silke Hecht Daniel G. Meeker David E. Anderson Alexandru S. Biris Mark S. Smeltzer
spellingShingle	Karen E. Beenken Mara J. Campbell Aura M. Ramirez Karrar Alghazali Christopher M. Walker Bailey Jackson Christopher Griffin William King Shawn E. Bourdo Rebecca Rifkin Silke Hecht Daniel G. Meeker David E. Anderson Alexandru S. Biris Mark S. Smeltzer Evaluation of a bone filler scaffold for local antibiotic delivery to prevent Staphylococcus aureus infection in a contaminated bone defect Scientific Reports
author_facet	Karen E. Beenken Mara J. Campbell Aura M. Ramirez Karrar Alghazali Christopher M. Walker Bailey Jackson Christopher Griffin William King Shawn E. Bourdo Rebecca Rifkin Silke Hecht Daniel G. Meeker David E. Anderson Alexandru S. Biris Mark S. Smeltzer
author_sort	Karen E. Beenken
title	Evaluation of a bone filler scaffold for local antibiotic delivery to prevent Staphylococcus aureus infection in a contaminated bone defect
title_short	Evaluation of a bone filler scaffold for local antibiotic delivery to prevent Staphylococcus aureus infection in a contaminated bone defect
title_full	Evaluation of a bone filler scaffold for local antibiotic delivery to prevent Staphylococcus aureus infection in a contaminated bone defect
title_fullStr	Evaluation of a bone filler scaffold for local antibiotic delivery to prevent Staphylococcus aureus infection in a contaminated bone defect
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of a bone filler scaffold for local antibiotic delivery to prevent Staphylococcus aureus infection in a contaminated bone defect
title_sort	evaluation of a bone filler scaffold for local antibiotic delivery to prevent staphylococcus aureus infection in a contaminated bone defect
publisher	Nature Publishing Group
series	Scientific Reports
issn	2045-2322
publishDate	2021-05-01
description	Abstract We previously reported the development of an osteogenic bone filler scaffold consisting of degradable polyurethane, hydroxyapatite, and decellularized bovine bone particles. The current study was aimed at evaluating the use of this scaffold as a means of local antibiotic delivery to prevent infection in a bone defect contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus. We evaluated two scaffold formulations with the same component ratios but differing overall porosity and surface area. Studies with vancomycin, daptomycin, and gentamicin confirmed that antibiotic uptake was concentration dependent and that increased porosity correlated with increased uptake and prolonged antibiotic release. We also demonstrate that vancomycin can be passively loaded into either formulation in sufficient concentration to prevent infection in a rabbit model of a contaminated segmental bone defect. Moreover, even in those few cases in which complete eradication was not achieved, the number of viable bacteria in the bone was significantly reduced by treatment and there was no radiographic evidence of osteomyelitis. Radiographs and microcomputed tomography (µCT) analysis from the in vivo studies also suggested that the addition of vancomycin did not have any significant effect on the scaffold itself. These results demonstrate the potential utility of our bone regeneration scaffold for local antibiotic delivery to prevent infection in contaminated bone defects.
url	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89830-z
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Evaluation of a bone filler scaffold for local antibiotic delivery to prevent Staphylococcus aureus infection in a contaminated bone defect

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