Subcellular localization of alpha-synuclein aggregates and their interaction with membranes
For more than a decade numerous evidence has been reported on the mechanisms of toxicity of α-synuclein (αS) oligomers and aggregates in α-synucleinopathies. These species were thought to form freely in the cytoplasm but recent reports of αS multimer conformations when bound to synaptic vesicles in...
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2018-01-01
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Online Access: | http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2018;volume=13;issue=7;spage=1136;epage=1144;aulast=Miraglia |
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doaj-49e6ab7cf8e64421b37477e0a9e64b152020-11-25T03:39:10ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsNeural Regeneration Research1673-53742018-01-011371136114410.4103/1673-5374.235013Subcellular localization of alpha-synuclein aggregates and their interaction with membranesFabiana MiragliaAlessio RicciLucia RotaEmanuela CollaFor more than a decade numerous evidence has been reported on the mechanisms of toxicity of α-synuclein (αS) oligomers and aggregates in α-synucleinopathies. These species were thought to form freely in the cytoplasm but recent reports of αS multimer conformations when bound to synaptic vesicles in physiological conditions, have raised the question about where αS aggregation initiates. In this review we focus on recent literature regarding the impact on membrane binding and subcellular localization of αS toxic species to understand how regular cellular function of αS contributes to pathology. Notably αS has been reported to mainly associate with specific membranes in neurons such as those of synaptic vesicles, ER/Golgi and the mitochondria, while toxic species of αS have been shown to inhibit, among others, neurotransmission, protein trafficking and mitochondrial function. Strategies interfering with αS membrane binding have shown to improve αS-driven toxicity in worms and in mice. Thus, a selective membrane binding that would result in a specific subcellular localization could be the key to understand how aggregation and pathology evolves, pointing out to αS functions that are primarily affected before onset of irreversible damage.http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2018;volume=13;issue=7;spage=1136;epage=1144;aulast=Miragliaalpha-synuclein; oligomers; aggregates; subcellular localization; membranes binding; Parkinson′s disease; neurodegeneration; alpha-synucleinopathies |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Fabiana Miraglia Alessio Ricci Lucia Rota Emanuela Colla |
spellingShingle |
Fabiana Miraglia Alessio Ricci Lucia Rota Emanuela Colla Subcellular localization of alpha-synuclein aggregates and their interaction with membranes Neural Regeneration Research alpha-synuclein; oligomers; aggregates; subcellular localization; membranes binding; Parkinson′s disease; neurodegeneration; alpha-synucleinopathies |
author_facet |
Fabiana Miraglia Alessio Ricci Lucia Rota Emanuela Colla |
author_sort |
Fabiana Miraglia |
title |
Subcellular localization of alpha-synuclein aggregates and their interaction with membranes |
title_short |
Subcellular localization of alpha-synuclein aggregates and their interaction with membranes |
title_full |
Subcellular localization of alpha-synuclein aggregates and their interaction with membranes |
title_fullStr |
Subcellular localization of alpha-synuclein aggregates and their interaction with membranes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Subcellular localization of alpha-synuclein aggregates and their interaction with membranes |
title_sort |
subcellular localization of alpha-synuclein aggregates and their interaction with membranes |
publisher |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
series |
Neural Regeneration Research |
issn |
1673-5374 |
publishDate |
2018-01-01 |
description |
For more than a decade numerous evidence has been reported on the mechanisms of toxicity of α-synuclein (αS) oligomers and aggregates in α-synucleinopathies. These species were thought to form freely in the cytoplasm but recent reports of αS multimer conformations when bound to synaptic vesicles in physiological conditions, have raised the question about where αS aggregation initiates. In this review we focus on recent literature regarding the impact on membrane binding and subcellular localization of αS toxic species to understand how regular cellular function of αS contributes to pathology. Notably αS has been reported to mainly associate with specific membranes in neurons such as those of synaptic vesicles, ER/Golgi and the mitochondria, while toxic species of αS have been shown to inhibit, among others, neurotransmission, protein trafficking and mitochondrial function. Strategies interfering with αS membrane binding have shown to improve αS-driven toxicity in worms and in mice. Thus, a selective membrane binding that would result in a specific subcellular localization could be the key to understand how aggregation and pathology evolves, pointing out to αS functions that are primarily affected before onset of irreversible damage. |
topic |
alpha-synuclein; oligomers; aggregates; subcellular localization; membranes binding; Parkinson′s disease; neurodegeneration; alpha-synucleinopathies |
url |
http://www.nrronline.org/article.asp?issn=1673-5374;year=2018;volume=13;issue=7;spage=1136;epage=1144;aulast=Miraglia |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT fabianamiraglia subcellularlocalizationofalphasynucleinaggregatesandtheirinteractionwithmembranes AT alessioricci subcellularlocalizationofalphasynucleinaggregatesandtheirinteractionwithmembranes AT luciarota subcellularlocalizationofalphasynucleinaggregatesandtheirinteractionwithmembranes AT emanuelacolla subcellularlocalizationofalphasynucleinaggregatesandtheirinteractionwithmembranes |
_version_ |
1724540507209596928 |