Prevalence of epistasis in the evolution of influenza A surface proteins.

The surface proteins of human influenza A viruses experience positive selection to escape both human immunity and, more recently, antiviral drug treatments. In bacteria and viruses, immune-escape and drug-resistant phenotypes often appear through a combination of several mutations that have epistati...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sergey Kryazhimskiy, Jonathan Dushoff, Georgii A Bazykin, Joshua B Plotkin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011-02-01
Series:PLoS Genetics
Online Access:http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3040651?pdf=render