Hemifacial Spasm Caused by Veins Confirmed by Intraoperative Monitoring of Abnormal Muscle Response
Background: Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a benign disease caused by the hyper excitement of facial nerves owing to vessel compression. The offending vessels are usually arteries, such as anterior and posterior inferior cerebellar or vertebral arteries, but there are few reports of vein involvement case...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2019-01-01
|
| Series: | World Neurosurgery: X |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590139718300024 |