Optimal emission control under public port rivalry: A comparison of competitive and cooperative policy
This study examines the optimal emission control at two competing public ports. We first develop a two-stage duopoly model in which governments determine the emission standard that restrains shipping operators’ fuel quality and ports are involved in price competition, taking the emission standards a...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Maritime Transport Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666822X20300058 |