Growth Factors and Anticatabolic Substances for Prevention and Management of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is frequent, appearing from the second decade of life and progressing with age. Conservative management often fails, and patients with IVD degeneration may need surgical intervention. Several treatment strategies have been proposed, although only surgical disce...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Umile Giuseppe Longo, Stefano Petrillo, Edoardo Franceschetti, Nicola Maffulli, Vincenzo Denaro
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Hindawi Limited 2012-01-01
Series:Stem Cells International
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/897183