A Test–Retest Paradigm of the Forced Swimming Test in Female Mice Is Not Valid for Predicting Antidepressant-Like Activity: Participation of Acetylcholine and Sigma-1 Receptors

The forced swimming test (FST) in mice is widely used to predict the antidepressant activity of a drug, but information describing the immobility of female mice is limited. We investigated whether a prior swimming experience affects the immobility duration in a second FST in female mice and whether...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jing Su, Noriko Hato-Yamada, Hiroaki Araki, Hiroyuki Yoshimura
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2013-01-01
Series:Journal of Pharmacological Sciences
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1347861319302488