Henan Ecological Security Evaluation Using Improved 3D Ecological Footprint Model Based on Emergy and Net Primary Productivity

The ecological footprint (EF) model is an effective tool for determining whether natural assets are over-utilized. The traditional EF (TEF) model and its improved model which include the emergy ecological footprint (EEF) and net primary productivity ecological footprint (NPPEF) have been widely used...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Gong Chen, Qi Li, Fei Peng, Hamed Karamian, Boyuan Tang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2019-03-01
Series:Sustainability
Subjects:
NPP
Online Access:http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/5/1353