Does Sufficient Evidence Exist to Support a Causal Association between Vitamin D Status and Cardiovascular Disease Risk? An Assessment Using Hill’s Criteria for Causality

Does Sufficient Evidence Exist to Support a Causal Association between Vitamin D Status and Cardiovascular Disease Risk? An Assessment Using Hill’s Criteria for Causality

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels have been found to be inversely associated with both prevalent and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors; dyslipidemia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. This review looks for evidence of a causal association between low 25(OH)D levels and in...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Patricia G. Weyland, William B. Grant, Jill Howie-Esquivel
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2014-09-01
Series:Nutrients
Subjects:
association
cardiovascular disease
causation
Hill criteria
vitamin D
Online Access:http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/6/9/3403

Internet

http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/6/9/3403

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