Controlling Ice Nucleation during Lyophilization: Process Optimization of Vacuum-Induced Surface Freezing

Controlling Ice Nucleation during Lyophilization: Process Optimization of Vacuum-Induced Surface Freezing

Biopharmaceuticals are often lyophilized to improve their storage stability. Controlling ice nucleation during the freezing step of the lyophilization process is desired to increase homogeneity of product properties across a drug product batch and shorten the primary drying time. The present communi...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Andrea Allmendinger, Yuen Li Butt, Raphael Mietzner, Felix Schmidt, Joerg Luemkemann, Carmen Lema Martinez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-10-01
Series:Processes
Subjects:
lyophilization
freeze-drying
controlled ice nucleation
protein formulations
amorphous
sucrose
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/8/10/1263

Internet

https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/8/10/1263

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