Sequential Immunization With Heterologous Viruses Does Not Result in Attrition of the B Cell Memory in Rainbow Trout
Long-term immunity is of great importance for protection against pathogens and has been extensively studied in mammals. Successive heterologous infections can affect the maintenance of immune memory, inducing attrition of T memory cells and diminishing B cell mediated protection. In fish, the basis...
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doaj-5802dfd5123d49ce89cee2a6d2a92d4c2020-11-25T01:50:24ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242019-11-011010.3389/fimmu.2019.02687491298Sequential Immunization With Heterologous Viruses Does Not Result in Attrition of the B Cell Memory in Rainbow TroutSofie Navelsaker0Susana Magadan1Susana Magadan2Luc Jouneau3Edwige Quillet4Niels J. Olesen5Hetron Mweemba Munang'andu6Pierre Boudinot7Øystein Evensen8Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Oslo, NorwayVIM, INRA Centre Jouy-en-Josas, Jouy-en-Josas, FranceCentro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CINBIO), University of Vigo, Vigo, SpainVIM, INRA Centre Jouy-en-Josas, Jouy-en-Josas, FranceGABI, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, FranceDTU Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, DenmarkDepartment of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Oslo, NorwayVIM, INRA Centre Jouy-en-Josas, Jouy-en-Josas, FranceDepartment of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Oslo, NorwayLong-term immunity is of great importance for protection against pathogens and has been extensively studied in mammals. Successive heterologous infections can affect the maintenance of immune memory, inducing attrition of T memory cells and diminishing B cell mediated protection. In fish, the basis of immune memory and the mechanisms of immunization to heterologous pathogens remain poorly understood. We sequentially immunized isogenic rainbow trout with two immunologically distinct viruses, VHSV and IPNV, either with one virus only or in combination, and analyzed the antibody responses and repertoires. Neutralizing antibodies and ELISPOT did not reveal an effect of heterologous immunization. Using a consensus read sequencing approach that incorporates unique barcodes to each cDNA molecule, we focused on the diversity expressed by selected responding VH/C combinations. We identified both public and private responses against VHSV and/or IPNV in all groups of fish. In fish immunized with two viruses, we registered no significant reduction in the persistence of the response toward the primary immunization. Similarly, the response to the second immunization was not affected by a prior vaccination to the other virus. Our data suggest that heterologous immunization does not enforce attrition of pre-existing antibody producing cells, which may impair the protection afforded by multiple successive vaccinations. These observations are potentially important to improve vaccination strategies practiced in aquaculture.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02687/fullantibodiesB cell repertoireheterologous immunizationpublic responsefish immunologyRepSeq |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Sofie Navelsaker Susana Magadan Susana Magadan Luc Jouneau Edwige Quillet Niels J. Olesen Hetron Mweemba Munang'andu Pierre Boudinot Øystein Evensen |
spellingShingle |
Sofie Navelsaker Susana Magadan Susana Magadan Luc Jouneau Edwige Quillet Niels J. Olesen Hetron Mweemba Munang'andu Pierre Boudinot Øystein Evensen Sequential Immunization With Heterologous Viruses Does Not Result in Attrition of the B Cell Memory in Rainbow Trout Frontiers in Immunology antibodies B cell repertoire heterologous immunization public response fish immunology RepSeq |
author_facet |
Sofie Navelsaker Susana Magadan Susana Magadan Luc Jouneau Edwige Quillet Niels J. Olesen Hetron Mweemba Munang'andu Pierre Boudinot Øystein Evensen |
author_sort |
Sofie Navelsaker |
title |
Sequential Immunization With Heterologous Viruses Does Not Result in Attrition of the B Cell Memory in Rainbow Trout |
title_short |
Sequential Immunization With Heterologous Viruses Does Not Result in Attrition of the B Cell Memory in Rainbow Trout |
title_full |
Sequential Immunization With Heterologous Viruses Does Not Result in Attrition of the B Cell Memory in Rainbow Trout |
title_fullStr |
Sequential Immunization With Heterologous Viruses Does Not Result in Attrition of the B Cell Memory in Rainbow Trout |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sequential Immunization With Heterologous Viruses Does Not Result in Attrition of the B Cell Memory in Rainbow Trout |
title_sort |
sequential immunization with heterologous viruses does not result in attrition of the b cell memory in rainbow trout |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Immunology |
issn |
1664-3224 |
publishDate |
2019-11-01 |
description |
Long-term immunity is of great importance for protection against pathogens and has been extensively studied in mammals. Successive heterologous infections can affect the maintenance of immune memory, inducing attrition of T memory cells and diminishing B cell mediated protection. In fish, the basis of immune memory and the mechanisms of immunization to heterologous pathogens remain poorly understood. We sequentially immunized isogenic rainbow trout with two immunologically distinct viruses, VHSV and IPNV, either with one virus only or in combination, and analyzed the antibody responses and repertoires. Neutralizing antibodies and ELISPOT did not reveal an effect of heterologous immunization. Using a consensus read sequencing approach that incorporates unique barcodes to each cDNA molecule, we focused on the diversity expressed by selected responding VH/C combinations. We identified both public and private responses against VHSV and/or IPNV in all groups of fish. In fish immunized with two viruses, we registered no significant reduction in the persistence of the response toward the primary immunization. Similarly, the response to the second immunization was not affected by a prior vaccination to the other virus. Our data suggest that heterologous immunization does not enforce attrition of pre-existing antibody producing cells, which may impair the protection afforded by multiple successive vaccinations. These observations are potentially important to improve vaccination strategies practiced in aquaculture. |
topic |
antibodies B cell repertoire heterologous immunization public response fish immunology RepSeq |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02687/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
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