Ntrk1 Promotes Resistance to PD-1 Checkpoint Blockade in Mesenchymal Kras/p53 Mutant Lung Cancer
The implementation of cancer immunotherapeutics for solid tumors including lung cancers has improved clinical outcomes in a small percentage of patients. However, the majority of patients show little to no response or acquire resistance during treatment with checkpoint inhibitors delivered as a mono...
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doaj-5d18849fba4a448f87fc2579f1f39b192020-11-25T00:27:38ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942019-04-0111446210.3390/cancers11040462cancers11040462Ntrk1 Promotes Resistance to PD-1 Checkpoint Blockade in Mesenchymal Kras/p53 Mutant Lung CancerJessica M. Konen0B. Leticia Rodriguez1Jared J. Fradette2Laura Gibson3Denali Davis4Rosalba Minelli5Michael D. Peoples6Jeffrey Kovacs7Alessandro Carugo8Christopher Bristow9Timothy Heffernan10Don L. Gibbons11Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USADepartment of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USADepartment of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USADepartment of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USADepartment of Chemistry, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, 1011 South Drive, Indiana, PA 15705, USADepartment of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USACenter for Co-Clinical Trials, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USACenter for Co-Clinical Trials, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USAInstitute for Applied Cancer Science, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USACenter for Co-Clinical Trials, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USAInstitute for Applied Cancer Science, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USADepartment of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USAThe implementation of cancer immunotherapeutics for solid tumors including lung cancers has improved clinical outcomes in a small percentage of patients. However, the majority of patients show little to no response or acquire resistance during treatment with checkpoint inhibitors delivered as a monotherapy. Therefore, identifying resistance mechanisms and novel combination therapy approaches is imperative to improve responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors. To address this, we performed an in vivo shRNA dropout screen that focused on genes encoding for FDA-approved drug targets (FDAome). We implanted epithelial and mesenchymal Kras/p53 (KP) mutant murine lung cancer cells expressing the FDAome shRNA library into syngeneic mice treated with an anti-PD-1 antibody. Sequencing for the barcoded shRNAs revealed <i>Ntrk1</i> was significantly depleted from mesenchymal tumors challenged with PD-1 blockade, suggesting it provides a survival advantage to tumor cells when under immune system pressure. Our data confirmed Ntrk1 transcript levels are upregulated in tumors treated with PD-1 inhibitors. Additionally, analysis of tumor-infiltrating T cell populations revealed that Ntrk1 can promote CD8+ T cell exhaustion. Lastly, we found that Ntrk1 regulates Jak/Stat signaling to promote expression of PD-L1 on tumor cells. Together, these data suggest that Ntrk1 activates Jak/Stat signaling to regulate expression of immunosuppressive molecules including PD-L1, promoting exhaustion within the tumor microenvironment.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/11/4/462non-small cell lung cancerimmunotherapyPD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockade |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Jessica M. Konen B. Leticia Rodriguez Jared J. Fradette Laura Gibson Denali Davis Rosalba Minelli Michael D. Peoples Jeffrey Kovacs Alessandro Carugo Christopher Bristow Timothy Heffernan Don L. Gibbons |
spellingShingle |
Jessica M. Konen B. Leticia Rodriguez Jared J. Fradette Laura Gibson Denali Davis Rosalba Minelli Michael D. Peoples Jeffrey Kovacs Alessandro Carugo Christopher Bristow Timothy Heffernan Don L. Gibbons Ntrk1 Promotes Resistance to PD-1 Checkpoint Blockade in Mesenchymal Kras/p53 Mutant Lung Cancer Cancers non-small cell lung cancer immunotherapy PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockade |
author_facet |
Jessica M. Konen B. Leticia Rodriguez Jared J. Fradette Laura Gibson Denali Davis Rosalba Minelli Michael D. Peoples Jeffrey Kovacs Alessandro Carugo Christopher Bristow Timothy Heffernan Don L. Gibbons |
author_sort |
Jessica M. Konen |
title |
Ntrk1 Promotes Resistance to PD-1 Checkpoint Blockade in Mesenchymal Kras/p53 Mutant Lung Cancer |
title_short |
Ntrk1 Promotes Resistance to PD-1 Checkpoint Blockade in Mesenchymal Kras/p53 Mutant Lung Cancer |
title_full |
Ntrk1 Promotes Resistance to PD-1 Checkpoint Blockade in Mesenchymal Kras/p53 Mutant Lung Cancer |
title_fullStr |
Ntrk1 Promotes Resistance to PD-1 Checkpoint Blockade in Mesenchymal Kras/p53 Mutant Lung Cancer |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ntrk1 Promotes Resistance to PD-1 Checkpoint Blockade in Mesenchymal Kras/p53 Mutant Lung Cancer |
title_sort |
ntrk1 promotes resistance to pd-1 checkpoint blockade in mesenchymal kras/p53 mutant lung cancer |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Cancers |
issn |
2072-6694 |
publishDate |
2019-04-01 |
description |
The implementation of cancer immunotherapeutics for solid tumors including lung cancers has improved clinical outcomes in a small percentage of patients. However, the majority of patients show little to no response or acquire resistance during treatment with checkpoint inhibitors delivered as a monotherapy. Therefore, identifying resistance mechanisms and novel combination therapy approaches is imperative to improve responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors. To address this, we performed an in vivo shRNA dropout screen that focused on genes encoding for FDA-approved drug targets (FDAome). We implanted epithelial and mesenchymal Kras/p53 (KP) mutant murine lung cancer cells expressing the FDAome shRNA library into syngeneic mice treated with an anti-PD-1 antibody. Sequencing for the barcoded shRNAs revealed <i>Ntrk1</i> was significantly depleted from mesenchymal tumors challenged with PD-1 blockade, suggesting it provides a survival advantage to tumor cells when under immune system pressure. Our data confirmed Ntrk1 transcript levels are upregulated in tumors treated with PD-1 inhibitors. Additionally, analysis of tumor-infiltrating T cell populations revealed that Ntrk1 can promote CD8+ T cell exhaustion. Lastly, we found that Ntrk1 regulates Jak/Stat signaling to promote expression of PD-L1 on tumor cells. Together, these data suggest that Ntrk1 activates Jak/Stat signaling to regulate expression of immunosuppressive molecules including PD-L1, promoting exhaustion within the tumor microenvironment. |
topic |
non-small cell lung cancer immunotherapy PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockade |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/11/4/462 |
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