Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses at the Wild–Domestic Bird Interface in Europe: Future Directions for Research and Surveillance

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses at the Wild–Domestic Bird Interface in Europe: Future Directions for Research and Surveillance

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks in wild birds and poultry are no longer a rare phenomenon in Europe. In the past 15 years, HPAI outbreaks—in particular those caused by H5 viruses derived from the A/Goose/Guangdong/1/1996 lineage that emerged in southeast Asia in 1996—have been occ...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Josanne H. Verhagen, Ron A.M. Fouchier, Nicola Lewis
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-01-01
Series:Viruses
Subjects:
avian influenza
migratory birds
highly pathogenic avian influenza
aquatic birds
migratory flyways
influenza surveillance
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/2/212

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https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/2/212

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