Apatinib induces endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis and autophagy and potentiates cell sensitivity to paclitaxel via the IRE-1α–AKT–mTOR pathway in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Abstract Background Apatinib, a novel vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been approved for the treatment of metastatic gastric cancer and other tumors. Apatinib exerts antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects in different kinds of cancer cells. H...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2021-07-01
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Series: | Cell & Bioscience |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13578-021-00640-2 |