Food elimination, food substitution, and nutrient supplementation among ARV-exposed HIV-positive persons in southern Ghana
Abstract Background Optimal nutrition is a determinant of health in all persons. In persons living with HIV (PLHIV), nutrition is particularly important. Various factors, including dietary practices, play a role in guaranteeing nutritional health. Objectives We investigated multiple non-prescription...
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doaj-6cd1aec87d9b4d0691baa9d5fe5d31622020-11-25T01:23:40ZengBMCJournal of Health, Population and Nutrition2072-13152018-12-0137111210.1186/s41043-018-0157-xFood elimination, food substitution, and nutrient supplementation among ARV-exposed HIV-positive persons in southern GhanaAmos K. Laar0Margaret Y. Lartey1Augustine Ankomah2Michael P. K. Okyerefo3Ernest A. Ampah4Demi P. Letsa5Priscillia A. Nortey6Awewura Kwara7Department of Population, Family, & Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, University of GhanaDepartment of Medicine, University of Ghana School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of GhanaDepartment of Population, Family, & Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, University of GhanaDepartment of Sociology, University of GhanaDepartment of Population, Family, & Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, University of GhanaDepartment of Population, Family, & Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, University of GhanaDepartment of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, University of GhanaDepartment of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityAbstract Background Optimal nutrition is a determinant of health in all persons. In persons living with HIV (PLHIV), nutrition is particularly important. Various factors, including dietary practices, play a role in guaranteeing nutritional health. Objectives We investigated multiple non-prescription drugs use among HIV-positive persons receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) from four treatment centers in southern Ghana. This paper, however, focuses on nutrient supplement use, food elimination, and food substitution practices by the PLHIV. Methods Using quantitative and qualitative methods, we collected data from 540 HIV-positive persons at the health facility level. This paper focuses on only the quantitative data. Individual study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling procedure. Participants were interviewed after informed consent. We used univariate analysis to generate descriptive tabulations for key variables. Multivariable logistic regression modeling identified predictors of three practices (nutrient supplementation, food elimination, and food substitution). P value less than 0.05 or 95% confidence intervals facilitated determination of statistical significance. All analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 20.0. Results The use of nutrient supplements was a popular practice; 72% of the PLHIV used various kinds. The primary motive for the practice was to boost appetite and to gain weight. A little over 20% of the participants reportedly eliminated certain foods and beverages, while 17% introduced new foods since their initial HIV diagnosis. All the three practices were largely driven by the quest for improved health status. We determined predictors of nutrient supplementation to be ART clinic location and having an ART adherence monitor. Having an ART adherence monitor was significantly associated with reduced odds of nutrient supplementation (AOR = 0.34; 95% CI 0.12–0.95). The only predictor for food elimination was education level (AOR = 0.29; 95% CI 0.30–0.92); predictors of food substitution were ART clinic location (AOR = 0.11; 95% CI 0.02–0.69) and anemia (defined as hemoglobin concentration less than 11.0 g/dl) (AOR = 0.21; 95% CI 0.12–0.85). Conclusions The practice of supplementation is popular among this group of PLHIV. Food elimination and substitution are practiced, albeit in moderation. The predictors identified may prove helpful in provider-client encounters as well as local HIV programming.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41043-018-0157-xNutrient supplementationFood eliminationFood substitutionHIVARTGhana |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Amos K. Laar Margaret Y. Lartey Augustine Ankomah Michael P. K. Okyerefo Ernest A. Ampah Demi P. Letsa Priscillia A. Nortey Awewura Kwara |
spellingShingle |
Amos K. Laar Margaret Y. Lartey Augustine Ankomah Michael P. K. Okyerefo Ernest A. Ampah Demi P. Letsa Priscillia A. Nortey Awewura Kwara Food elimination, food substitution, and nutrient supplementation among ARV-exposed HIV-positive persons in southern Ghana Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition Nutrient supplementation Food elimination Food substitution HIV ART Ghana |
author_facet |
Amos K. Laar Margaret Y. Lartey Augustine Ankomah Michael P. K. Okyerefo Ernest A. Ampah Demi P. Letsa Priscillia A. Nortey Awewura Kwara |
author_sort |
Amos K. Laar |
title |
Food elimination, food substitution, and nutrient supplementation among ARV-exposed HIV-positive persons in southern Ghana |
title_short |
Food elimination, food substitution, and nutrient supplementation among ARV-exposed HIV-positive persons in southern Ghana |
title_full |
Food elimination, food substitution, and nutrient supplementation among ARV-exposed HIV-positive persons in southern Ghana |
title_fullStr |
Food elimination, food substitution, and nutrient supplementation among ARV-exposed HIV-positive persons in southern Ghana |
title_full_unstemmed |
Food elimination, food substitution, and nutrient supplementation among ARV-exposed HIV-positive persons in southern Ghana |
title_sort |
food elimination, food substitution, and nutrient supplementation among arv-exposed hiv-positive persons in southern ghana |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition |
issn |
2072-1315 |
publishDate |
2018-12-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Optimal nutrition is a determinant of health in all persons. In persons living with HIV (PLHIV), nutrition is particularly important. Various factors, including dietary practices, play a role in guaranteeing nutritional health. Objectives We investigated multiple non-prescription drugs use among HIV-positive persons receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) from four treatment centers in southern Ghana. This paper, however, focuses on nutrient supplement use, food elimination, and food substitution practices by the PLHIV. Methods Using quantitative and qualitative methods, we collected data from 540 HIV-positive persons at the health facility level. This paper focuses on only the quantitative data. Individual study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling procedure. Participants were interviewed after informed consent. We used univariate analysis to generate descriptive tabulations for key variables. Multivariable logistic regression modeling identified predictors of three practices (nutrient supplementation, food elimination, and food substitution). P value less than 0.05 or 95% confidence intervals facilitated determination of statistical significance. All analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 20.0. Results The use of nutrient supplements was a popular practice; 72% of the PLHIV used various kinds. The primary motive for the practice was to boost appetite and to gain weight. A little over 20% of the participants reportedly eliminated certain foods and beverages, while 17% introduced new foods since their initial HIV diagnosis. All the three practices were largely driven by the quest for improved health status. We determined predictors of nutrient supplementation to be ART clinic location and having an ART adherence monitor. Having an ART adherence monitor was significantly associated with reduced odds of nutrient supplementation (AOR = 0.34; 95% CI 0.12–0.95). The only predictor for food elimination was education level (AOR = 0.29; 95% CI 0.30–0.92); predictors of food substitution were ART clinic location (AOR = 0.11; 95% CI 0.02–0.69) and anemia (defined as hemoglobin concentration less than 11.0 g/dl) (AOR = 0.21; 95% CI 0.12–0.85). Conclusions The practice of supplementation is popular among this group of PLHIV. Food elimination and substitution are practiced, albeit in moderation. The predictors identified may prove helpful in provider-client encounters as well as local HIV programming. |
topic |
Nutrient supplementation Food elimination Food substitution HIV ART Ghana |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41043-018-0157-x |
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