PD-1 and PD-L1 are more highly expressed in high-grade bladder cancer than in low-grade cases: PD-L1 might function as a mediator of stage progression in bladder cancer

PD-1 and PD-L1 are more highly expressed in high-grade bladder cancer than in low-grade cases: PD-L1 might function as a mediator of stage progression in bladder cancer

Abstract Background Bladder cancers have been characterized as a tumor group in which the immunological response is relatively well preserved. Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1, B7-H1, CD274) has been shown to be expressed in several malignancies, including bladder cancer. However, the clinicopatholo...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Takashi Kawahara, Yukari Ishiguro, Shinji Ohtake, Ikuma Kato, Yusuke Ito, Hiroki Ito, Kazuhide Makiyama, Keiichi Kondo, Yasuhide Miyoshi, Yasushi Yumura, Narihiko Hayashi, Hisashi Hasumi, Kimito Osaka, Kentaro Muraoka, Koji Izumi, Jun-ichi Teranishi, Hiroji Uemura, Masahiro Yao, Noboru Nakaigawa
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2018-11-01
Series:BMC Urology
Subjects:
Programmed cell death protein 1
Programmed death-ligand 1
B7-H1
CD274
STAT1
NFATc1
Online Access:http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12894-018-0414-8

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http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12894-018-0414-8

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