Red Beetroot’s NMR-Based Metabolomics: Phytochemical Profile Related to Development Time and Production Year
Red beetroot (RB) is a well-known health-promoting food consumed worldwide. RB is commonly used in food processing and manufacturing thanks to the high content of components that can also be employed as natural coloring agents. These bioactive molecules vary their concentration depending on beetroot...
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doaj-79ed97b26f8a44ec98e611b3b6f2d3d32021-08-26T13:45:29ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582021-08-01101887188710.3390/foods10081887Red Beetroot’s NMR-Based Metabolomics: Phytochemical Profile Related to Development Time and Production YearOttavia Giampaoli0Fabio Sciubba1Giorgia Conta2Giorgio Capuani3Alberta Tomassini4Giorgio Giorgi5Elisa Brasili6Walter Aureli7Alfredo Miccheli8Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyR&D, Aureli Mario S.S. Agricola, Via Mario Aureli 7, 67050 Ortucchio (Aq), ItalyDepartment of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyR&D, Aureli Mario S.S. Agricola, Via Mario Aureli 7, 67050 Ortucchio (Aq), ItalyNMR-Based Metabolomics Laboratory (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, ItalyRed beetroot (RB) is a well-known health-promoting food consumed worldwide. RB is commonly used in food processing and manufacturing thanks to the high content of components that can also be employed as natural coloring agents. These bioactive molecules vary their concentration depending on beetroot seasonality, harvest time and climate conditions. The first objective of this study was to evaluate the variation of the RB phytochemical profile related to the root development during three different harvest times, using an <sup>1</sup>H-NMR-based metabolomic approach. Changes of carbohydrates and secondary metabolite concentrations were observed from July to September. Secondly, we compared the metabolic profiles of the final processed beet juices in three different production years to observe the effect of climate conditions on the RB’s final product metabotype. A PCA analysis performed on juice extracts showed that production years 2016 and 2017 were characterized by a high content of choline and betaine, while 2018 by a high content of amino acids and dopamine and a low content of inorganic nitrates. This study suggests that the harvest time and roots growth conditions could be used to modulate the RB phytochemical profile, according to the final requirements of use, food or coloring agent source.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/8/1887red beetrootseasonalityharvest timeNMR-based metabolomicsinorganic nitratesdopamine |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ottavia Giampaoli Fabio Sciubba Giorgia Conta Giorgio Capuani Alberta Tomassini Giorgio Giorgi Elisa Brasili Walter Aureli Alfredo Miccheli |
spellingShingle |
Ottavia Giampaoli Fabio Sciubba Giorgia Conta Giorgio Capuani Alberta Tomassini Giorgio Giorgi Elisa Brasili Walter Aureli Alfredo Miccheli Red Beetroot’s NMR-Based Metabolomics: Phytochemical Profile Related to Development Time and Production Year Foods red beetroot seasonality harvest time NMR-based metabolomics inorganic nitrates dopamine |
author_facet |
Ottavia Giampaoli Fabio Sciubba Giorgia Conta Giorgio Capuani Alberta Tomassini Giorgio Giorgi Elisa Brasili Walter Aureli Alfredo Miccheli |
author_sort |
Ottavia Giampaoli |
title |
Red Beetroot’s NMR-Based Metabolomics: Phytochemical Profile Related to Development Time and Production Year |
title_short |
Red Beetroot’s NMR-Based Metabolomics: Phytochemical Profile Related to Development Time and Production Year |
title_full |
Red Beetroot’s NMR-Based Metabolomics: Phytochemical Profile Related to Development Time and Production Year |
title_fullStr |
Red Beetroot’s NMR-Based Metabolomics: Phytochemical Profile Related to Development Time and Production Year |
title_full_unstemmed |
Red Beetroot’s NMR-Based Metabolomics: Phytochemical Profile Related to Development Time and Production Year |
title_sort |
red beetroot’s nmr-based metabolomics: phytochemical profile related to development time and production year |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Foods |
issn |
2304-8158 |
publishDate |
2021-08-01 |
description |
Red beetroot (RB) is a well-known health-promoting food consumed worldwide. RB is commonly used in food processing and manufacturing thanks to the high content of components that can also be employed as natural coloring agents. These bioactive molecules vary their concentration depending on beetroot seasonality, harvest time and climate conditions. The first objective of this study was to evaluate the variation of the RB phytochemical profile related to the root development during three different harvest times, using an <sup>1</sup>H-NMR-based metabolomic approach. Changes of carbohydrates and secondary metabolite concentrations were observed from July to September. Secondly, we compared the metabolic profiles of the final processed beet juices in three different production years to observe the effect of climate conditions on the RB’s final product metabotype. A PCA analysis performed on juice extracts showed that production years 2016 and 2017 were characterized by a high content of choline and betaine, while 2018 by a high content of amino acids and dopamine and a low content of inorganic nitrates. This study suggests that the harvest time and roots growth conditions could be used to modulate the RB phytochemical profile, according to the final requirements of use, food or coloring agent source. |
topic |
red beetroot seasonality harvest time NMR-based metabolomics inorganic nitrates dopamine |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/8/1887 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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