A Deep-Sea Sponge Loop? Sponges Transfer Dissolved and Particulate Organic Carbon and Nitrogen to Associated Fauna

Cold-water coral reefs and sponge grounds are deep-sea biological hotspots, equivalent to shallow-water tropical coral reefs. In tropical ecosystems, biodiversity and productivity are maintained through efficient recycling pathways, such as the sponge loop. In this pathway, encrusting sponges recycl...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Martijn C. Bart, Meggie Hudspith, Hans Tore Rapp, Piet F. M. Verdonschot, Jasper M. de Goeij
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Marine Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.604879/full