A review of synthetic methods for the production of upconverting lanthanide nanoparticles

Upconverting lanthanide nanoparticles overcome many of the problems associated with more traditionally used luminescent contrast agents, such as photobleaching, autofluorescence, cytotoxicity and phototoxicity. For this reason, they are an attractive choice for biomedical imaging applications, parti...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Christian F. Gainer, Marek Romanowski
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: World Scientific Publishing 2014-03-01
Series:Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/pdf/10.1142/S1793545813300073